Chapter 1

Question 1

Chordata big 4

Answer 1

1. Notochord
2. Dorsal hollow CNS
3. Postnatal tail
4. Endostyle

Question 2

What is an endostyle

Answer 2

Glandular groove in floor of pharynx

Question 3

Taxonomic relationship of chordates and vertebrates

Answer 3

Kingdom Animalia 
    Phylum chordata
        Subphylum urochordata
        Subphylum cephalochordata
        Subphylum craniata
             Hagfish
             Vertebrata

Question 4

What animals have a notochord in embryo stage

Answer 4

Chordates

Question 5

Chordates with a braincase

Answer 5

Craniates

Question 6

Chordates with vertebrae

Answer 6

Vertebrates

Question 7

What appears during embryonic development after the notochord has formed and replaces the notochord functionally

Answer 7

Vertebrae

Question 8

3 components of craniate body

Answer 8

Head, trunk, and postnatal tail

Question 9

What does the trunk contain

Answer 9

Cavity, coelom, body wall

Question 10

Begins postanally
Present in all embryos
Variably reduced in different vertebrates

Answer 10

Tail

Question 11

Vital region of all vertebrate embryos

Gives rise to respiratory structures, jaw components, endocrine glands, auditory components, initial immune cells

Answer 11

Pharynx

Question 12

Tissue column that separate each pharyngeal slit or pouch and contain:
Supportive skeletal elements
Striated muscles to operate the arch
Cranial nerve branches
An aortic arch connecting dorsal and ventral aortas

Answer 12

Pharyngeal arches

Question 13

Neutral tube formation process

Answer 13

Neurulation

Question 14

Cranial and spinal nerves connecting CNS with various organs and tissues

Answer 14

PNS

Question 15

Viscera and gut component

Open area with 2 compartments; upper and lower

Answer 15

Coelom

Question 16

Front to back seperation

Answer 16

Cross section

Question 17

Top to bottom seperation

Answer 17

Frontal

Question 18

Left to right seperation

Answer 18

Saggital

Question 19

Serial repetition of body structure

Answer 19

Metamerism

Question 20

Duterosome development 
Big 4
Bilateral symmetry
Cranium that surrounds brain
3 part brain
Neural crest
Paired external sense organs 
Cartilage

Answer 20

Craniates

Question 21

Vertebral column
Semicircle cahals (cochlea and inner ear)
Electroreception
Lateral line sym

Answer 21

Vertebrates

Question 22

Notochord appears first dorsal to alimentary canal

Answer 22

Craniates

Question 23

Neural arch and health arch

Answer 23

Vertebrates

Question 24

Muscles attach from one vertebrate to another

Answer 24

Articulation

Question 25

Vital, present in all embryos, gives rise to respiratory structures
Invaginations
If it makes it to outside- gill slits

Answer 25

Pharynx

Question 26

Groove sinks and fuses- epithelium heals over this structure

Info comes in by nerves and out to glands and muscles

Answer 26

Dorsal hollow CNS

Question 27

Have notochord but no vertebral column

Answer 27

Parachordates

Question 28

Expansion of brain over time and greatest in all craniates

Answer 28

Cephalization

Question 29

Pectoral and pelvic, connected with trunk

Variably reduced or never developed in some vertebrates

Answer 29

Appendages

Question 30

3 parts of brain

Answer 30

Forebrain
Midbrain
Hind brain

Question 31

Has jaw components, endocrine glands, auditory components, and initial immune cells

Answer 31

Pharynx

Question 32

Tissue column that separate each pharyngeal slit or pouch and contain

• supportive skeletal elements
• striated muscles to operate the arch
• cranial nerve branches
• an aortic arch connecting dorsal and central aortas

Answer 32

Pharyngeal arches