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APUSH > Chapter 09 Quiz > Flashcards

Chapter 09 Quiz Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

How did patriots fight the war?

A

With a high degree of disunity and concurred on allegiance to a common cause

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2
Q

What began flooding the American market?

A

Excess low priced goods by British manufacturers

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3
Q

What did the Philadelphia newspaper urge readers to do?

A

To do home-stitched garments of homespun cloth

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4
Q

How were the thirteen states?

A

The thirteen states were alike in governmental structure and functioned under similar constitutions

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5
Q

The continental congress called for what?

A

To draft new constitutions and summon themselves into new states

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6
Q

How did Massachusetts draft their own constitution well?

A

They called a convention to draft it and submit the final draft to the people for confirmation

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7
Q

What happened to the Massachusetts constitution later on?

A

It was used a model when drafting and ratifying for the federal constitution

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8
Q

How did Americans draft consitutions?

A

They were contracts that defined the powers of government and drew their authority from the people

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9
Q

What type of law were the state constitutions represented as?

A

A law superior to the the temporary whims of legislation

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10
Q

What did state constitutions include?

A

bills of rights, long prized liberties, annual election of legislators

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11
Q

Why were the state constitutions weak?

A

Created weak executive and judicial branches by present-day standards

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12
Q

What did Thomas Jefferson warn everyone?

A

That 173 despots would be oppressive as one

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13
Q

Who represented the new state legislatures?

A

Many from the enfranchised poorer western districts

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14
Q

What state capitals were successfully relocated from eastern seaports to the interior?

A

New Hampshire, New York, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia moved westward

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15
Q

What happened to the former crown lands?

A

Many of the large loyalist holdings were confiscated and were cut up into small farms

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16
Q

What happened to goods imported from Britain?

A

Most were cut off and the ingenious yankees had to make their own

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17
Q

What happened to the coveted commerce?

A

Reserved for the loyal parts of the empire

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18
Q

How did America compensate for the loss of previous commercial ports?

A

They were now able to trade with foreign nations

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19
Q

How did runaway inflation occur?

A

State governments borrowed more than they could repay

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20
Q

The second continental congress of revolutionary days was and how many states?

A

A conference of ambassadors from thirteen states

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21
Q

What did the thirteen states do?

A

coined money, raised armies, and created tariff barriers

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22
Q

What did the legislature of Virginia do?

A

Ratified separately the treaty of alliance of 1778 of France

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23
Q

What was the name of the constitution that was drafted a year before it was adopted by Congress?

A

Articles of Confederation

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24
Q

Why was the Articles of Confederation drafted?

A

To convince the French that America had a genuine government after the Battle of Saratoga

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25
Q

What major complaint was made for land-rich states?

A

Sell their trans-allegheny tracts and pay off pensions and other debts

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26
Q

What would states have to do with no holdings?

A

Tax themselves

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27
Q

Who held out the approval of the articles of confederation?

A

Maryland

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28
Q

What was the Articles of confederation also called?

A

Articles of confusion which lead to a confederation

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29
Q

Thirteen states came together to do what?

A

To deal with common problems such as foreign affairs

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30
Q

All bills dealing with subject importance required the support of what?

A

The nine states or agreement of all

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31
Q

Why was the congress weak?

A

There was no power to regulate commerce and lead to establishing different laws of tariffs and navigation

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32
Q

Was the new congress less effective or more effective than the old continental congress that held no constitutional powers at all?

A

Less effective

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33
Q

Why was the low Articles of Confederation a step towards the present constitution?

A

Outlined the general powers by government that lined treaties and a postal service

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34
Q

What did the Articles keep alive?

A

Unity between the states

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35
Q

How far is the Old Northeast extended?

A

Northeast of the Ohio river, east of the mississippi river, and south of the Great Lakes

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36
Q

What was the first of the red-letter laws and what did it provide?

A

Land Ordinance of 1785, provided land of the old Northwest to be sold to pay off national debt

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37
Q

Two things the Land of Ordinance has are

A

Temporary protection and permanent equality

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38
Q

What are the two evolutionary territorial stages?

A

A subordinate to the federal government and then gain 60,000 people to be a state

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39
Q

The Ordinance forbade what?

A

Slavery, but slaves didn’t affect them

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40
Q

What did Britain decline?

A

To make a commercial treaty or to repeal its ancient Navigation Laws

41
Q

Who persuasively argued in a pamphlet that Britain would win American trade back?

A

Lord Sheffield

42
Q

Why did Britain hanged on to trading in America illegally?

A

To maintain fur trade with the natives as a barrier against future American attacks on Canada

43
Q

How did Congress react towards Americans urging them to do something about the smuggling of Britain

A

Nothing, but some states lowered their tariffs to attract an unfair share of trade

44
Q

Spain and Britain prevented America from what?

A

From controlling over half of the territory

45
Q

What did the French demand from America?

A

The repayment of money loaned during the war and restricted trade with west Indies and other ports

46
Q

What was happening to the requisition system of raising money?

A

It was breaking down and some states refused to pay anything

47
Q

What was Shay’s Rebellion?

A

In Massachusetts, poor farmers were losing their farms through mortgage foreclosures and tax delinquencies

48
Q

Who led Shay’s Rebellion?

A

Daniel Shays

49
Q

What did these poor farmers demand?

A

To issue paper money, lighten taxes, and suspend property takeovers

50
Q

How did Massachusetts respond to the rebellion?

A

Rich people raised an army to kill three shaysites and one wounded for the movement to collapse

51
Q

What happened to Daniel Shays?

A

He was condemned to death, but was later pardoned

52
Q

How did people react to Massachusetts legislation passing debtor-relief laws?

A

People began to suspect that the revolution had created a monster of “mobocracy”

53
Q

What differences arose on how to make the central government stronger?

A

On how to make the government stronger and the maximum degree of states’s rights could be reconciled

54
Q

Where was convention held to discuss about control of commerce?

A

Virginia took the lead of the convention at Annapolis, Maryland

55
Q

How many out of nine states delegates showed up to the Annapolis, Maryland convention?

A

Five

56
Q

What was happening in congress in New York?

A

It was slowly dying and was reluctant to take a step

57
Q

How many people from # states were summoned to Philadelphia?

A

fifty-five from twelve states

58
Q

What did delegates consist of?

A

lawyers, merchants, shippers, land speculators, and moneylenders

59
Q

What did the delegates hope to do?

A

To form revolutionary idealism into a stable political structure

60
Q

What did the piratical dey of algiers aimed for?

A

To give authority power, especially with tariffs for the U.S to have treaties from foreign nations

61
Q

What was the Virginia plan also known as the large-state plan?

A

Representation in both houses of bicameral congress should be based on population

62
Q

What was the New Jersey plan also known as the small-state plan?

A

Equal representation in a unicameral congress by states, regardless of size and population

63
Q

What was the Great Compromise?

A

The larger states had rep by pop in House of Rep, smaller states had equal rep in Senate, 2 senators, tax bill and revenue must originate in the house where pop counted more heavily

64
Q

What was the common law?

A

To be specific about every detail

65
Q

What was the civil law?

A

Legal codes that were long

66
Q

How was the constitution drafted?

A

A bundle of compromises that stand out every section

67
Q

What was the three-fifths compromise?

A

A slave counts as three fifths of a person

68
Q

Which state forbade overseas slave trade?

A

Georgia

69
Q

What was the result of the heated clashes between the delegates?

A

The area of agreement was larger

70
Q

The federal judges was to be appointed for

A

life

71
Q

The president was to be elected by

A

Electoral college

72
Q

The lordly senators were to be chosen indirectly by

A

state legislatures

73
Q

What were the two principles of republicanism?

A

The government to be based on the consent of the governed and the powers of the government should be limited

74
Q

How did the members feel about the end result?

A

None were completely happy

75
Q

What was in effect of the appeal?

A

The heads of the congress and the heads of the legislatures had chosen their members

76
Q

Who are the anti-federalists?

A

Opposed the stronger federal government

77
Q

Who are the federalists?

A

Favored the stronger government

78
Q

Who were the leaders of the anti-federalists?

A

Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, and Richard Henry Lee

79
Q

Who consisted in the anti-federalists?

A

states’ rights devotees, back country dwellers, and one horse-farmers the poorest classes

80
Q

Who consisted in the federalists?

A

People who lived along the seaboard, wealthier, more educated, and better organized

81
Q

Who were the leaders of the federalists?

A

George Washington and Benjamin Franklin

82
Q

How many states quickly accepted the constitution?

A

Four

83
Q

Who was the majority at first during the ratifying of the convention in Boston?

A

Anti-federalist

84
Q

Which was one of the last states to secure ratification?

A

New Hampshire

85
Q

Which states didn’t take shelter under the “new federal roof”?

A

Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island

86
Q

Which proud state was the biggest, most populous and provided a fierce anti federalist opposition?

A

Virginia

87
Q

Which side was John Marshall on?

A

Federalist side

88
Q

Who joined John Jay and James Madison in penning a masterly series of articles for the New York newspapers?

A

Alexander Hamilton

89
Q

What was the name of the commentary essays on the constitution?

A

The Federalist

90
Q

How was the race of the ratification?

A

Was close and quite bitter in localities

91
Q

The minority of American radicals had?

A

Engineered the military revolution the cast off the unwritten British constitution

92
Q

Who was victorious and what did they gain?

A

Conservatism, safeguards had been erected against mob-rule excesses

93
Q

What was the Society of the Cincinnati?

A

Continental army officers who formed an exclusive hereditary order

94
Q

Did some states continue to legally establish the church?

A

Yes, some

95
Q

Which church associated with the British crown was reformed as the Protestant Episcopal church?

A

Anglican Church

96
Q

Who prolonged Virginia for Religious freedom?

A

Was prolonged by Thomas Jefferson and his co-reformers won a complete victory

97
Q

Domestic trade in slaves

A

continued and grew

98
Q

What was civic virtue?

A

The notion that democracy depended on the unselfish commitment of each citizen to the public good

APUSH (27 decks)

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