Chapter 04 - Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

2. Which would be characteristic of a T-independent antigen?
   a. The IgG antibody is produced exclusively.
   b. A large number of memory cells are produced.
   c. Antigens bind only one receptor on B cells.
   d. It consists of a limited number of repeating
   determinants.

Question 2

1. Which MHC molecule is necessary for antigen recognition by CD4+ T cells?
   a. Class I
   b. Class II
   c. Class III
   d. No MHC molecule is necessary.

Question 3

3. Humoral immunity refers to which of the following?
   a. Production of antibody by plasma cells
   b. Production of cytokines by T cells
   c. Elimination of virally infected cells by
   cytotoxic cells
   d. Downregulation of the immune response

Question 4

4. Where does antigen-independent maturation of B lymphocytes take place?
   a. Bone marrow
   b. Thymus
   c. Spleen
   d. Lymph nodes

Question 5

5. In the thymus, positive selection of immature T cells is based upon recognition of which of the following?
   a. Self-antigens
   b. Stress proteins
   c. MHC antigens
   d. μ chains

Question 5

6. Which of these are found on a mature B cell?
   a. IgG and IgD
   b. IgM and IgD
   c. Alpha and beta chains
   d. CD3

Question 6

7. How do cytotoxic T cells kill target cells?
   a. They produce antibodies that bind to the cell.
   b. They engulf the cell by phagocytosis.
   c. They stop protein synthesis in the target cell.
   d. They produce granzymes that stimulate apoptosis.

Question 7

8. Which of the following can be attributed to
   antigen-stimulated T cells?
   a. Humoral response
   b. Plasma cells
   c. Cytokines
   d. Antibody response

Question 8

9. Which is a distinguishing feature of a pre-B cell?
   a. μ chains in the cytoplasm
   b. Complete IgM on the surface
   c. Presence of CD21 antigen
   d. Presence of CD25 antigen

Question 9

10. When does genetic rearrangement for coding of antibody light chains take place during B-cell
    development?
    a. Before the pre-B cell stage
    b. As the cell becomes an immature B cell
    c. Not until the cell becomes a mature B cell
    d. When the B cell becomes a plasma cell

Question 10

11. Which of the following antigens are found on the T-cell subset known as helper/inducers?
    a. CD3
    b. CD4
    c. CD8
    d. CD11

Question 11

12. Where does the major portion of antibody production occur?
    a. Peripheral blood
    b. Bone marrow
    c. Thymus
    d. Lymph nodes

Question 12

13. Which of the following would represent a double-negative thymocyte?
    a. CD2–CD3+CD4–CD8+
    b. CD2–CD3–CD4+CD8–
    c. CD2+CD3+CD4–CD8–
    d. CD2–CD3–CD4+CD8–

Question 13

14. Which of the following best describes the T-cell receptor for antigen?
    a. It consists of IgM and IgD molecules.
    b. It is the same for all T cells.
    c. It is present in the double-negative stage.
    d. Alpha and beta chains are unique for each antigen.

Question 13

15. A cell flow cytometry pattern belonging to a 3-year-old patient showed the following: normal CD4+ T-cell count, normal CD19+ B-cell count, low CD8+ T-cell count. Which type of immunity would be affected?
    a. Production of antibody
    b. Formation of plasma cells
    c. Elimination of virally infected cells
    d. Downregulation of the immune response

Question 14

16. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of adaptive immunity?
    a. Ability to fight infection
    b. Ability to remember a prior exposure to a pathogen
    c. A similar response to all pathogens encountered
    d. Process of phagocytosis to destroy a pathogen

Question 15

17. Clonal deletion of T cells as they mature is important in which of the following processes?
    a. Elimination of autoimmune responses
    b. Positive selection of CD3/TCR receptors
    c. Allelic exclusion of chromosomes
    d. Elimination of cells unable to bind to MHC antigens

Question 16

18. Where do germinal centers occur?
    a. In the thymus
    b. In the bone marrow
    c. In peripheral blood
    d. In lymph nodes