Chapter 03: Culture Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

beliefs

A

tenets or convictions that people hold to be true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

countercultures

A

groups that reject and oppose society’s widely accepted cultural patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cultural imperialism

A

the deliberate imposition of one’s own cultural values on another culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cultural relativism

A

the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards, and not in comparison to another culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cultural universals

A

patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

culture lag

A

the gap of time between the introduction of material culture and nonmaterial culture’s
acceptance of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

culture shock

A

an experience of personal disorientation when confronted with an unfamiliar way of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

culture

A

shared beliefs, values, and practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

diffusion

A

the spread of material and nonmaterial culture from one culture to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

discoveries

A

things and ideas found from what already exists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ethnocentrism

A

to evaluate another culture according to the standards of one’s own culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

folkways

A

direct appropriate behavior in the day-to-day practices and expressions of a culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

formal norms

A

established, written rules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

globalization

A

the integration of international trade and finance markets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

high culture

A

the cultural patterns of a society’s elite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ideal culture

A

consists of the standards a society would like to embrace and live up to

17
Q

informal norms

A

casual behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to

18
Q

innovations

A

new objects or ideas introduced to culture for the first time

19
Q

inventions

A

a combination of pieces of existing reality into new forms

20
Q

language

A

a symbolic system of communication

21
Q

material culture

A

the objects or belongings of a group of people

22
Q

mores

A

the moral views and principles of a group

23
Q

nonmaterial culture

A

the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a group of people or society

24
Q

norms

A

the visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are structured

25
Q

popular culture

A

mainstream, widespread patterns among a society’s population

26
Q

real culture

A

the way society really is based on what actually occurs and exists

27
Q

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

A

people understand the world based on their form of language

28
Q

sanctions

A

a way to authorize or formally disapprove of certain behaviors

29
Q

social control

A

a way to encourage conformity to cultural norms

30
Q

society

A

people who live in a definable community and who share a culture

31
Q

subcultures

A

groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society’s majority, even as the
members exist within a larger society

32
Q

symbols

A

gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them that are recognized by
people who share a culture

33
Q

values

A

a culture’s standard for discerning what is good and just in society

34
Q

xenocentrism

A

a belief that another culture is superior to one’s own