Chapter 03 Flashcards
All Serbian noun have a gender. What are the three genders?
masculine; feminine; and neuter
The gender of the noun is obvious from the ending in which which case?
the nominative case
Most masculine nouns end with …
a consonant.
What are the soft consonants?
c ć č đ dž lj nj š ž
What are the two types of consonants?
hard and soft
Some masculine noun end in -o. Why?
Proper names: Marko; Branko. Some nouns which used to end in -l.
How do you form the pural for masculine nouns?
Add -i to the end of the word. (hotel - hoteli; avion - avioni; prijatelj - prijatelji)
How do you from the pural for monosyllabic masculine nouns with hard consonant endings?
Add -ovi to the end of the word. (sto - stolovi; voz - vozovi)
How do you from the pural for monosyllabic masculine nouns with soft consonant endings?
Add -evi to the end of the word. (muž - muževi; ključ - ključevi)
Most feminine nouns end with …
the letter -a.
Some feminine nouns end with a consonant. The majority of these end with …
… -ost. Which represent abstract nouns.
For feminine nouns ending with -a; how is the plural formed?
Replace the letter -a with the letter -e. (torba - torbe; soba - sobe; gospođa - gospođe)
For feminine nouns ending with a consonant; how is the plural formed?
Add -i to the end of the word. (noć - noći; stvar - stvari)
What letters do neuter nouns end with.
The letters -o or -e.
How do you from the plural for neuter nouns?
Replace the letter -o or -e with the letter -a.
What is the first use of the nominative case?
It is the subject of the verb in the sentence. “The noun that is doing something”. ‘Vi’ pijete šiljivovicu, a ‘on’ pije pivo. Mislim da ‘Nada’ dolazi sutra.
What is the second use of the nominative case?
For the complement of ‘biti’; or marks things that are equal to the subject. Moj sin je ‘dobar student’. Vesn je vrlo ‘lepa žena’. Kažu da nisi ‘Srpkinja’.
Does a double negative make the sentence positive?
No; the double negative is required to make the sentence negative.
How do you form a double negative sentence?
A negative pronoun or adverb (niko; ništa; nikad) is paired with a negative verb. Nemamo ništa da prijavimo. Ništa ne vidim kroz prozor. Nikad ne putuejm autostopom.
What is an adjective?
It describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
How is an adjective fromed from a proper noun?
The proper noun is use with a small letter with the ending modified. Ovo je beogradski aerodrom. Ovo je srpska zastava. Gledam londonske ulice.
What is the vocative case?
It is used to directly address a person of object.
How is the vocative case used in a sentence?
Separate the name of the person (or thing) you are addressing from the rest of the sentence with a comma.
How is the vocative case formed for masculine nouns ending with a hard consonant?
Add -e to the end of the word. gospodin - gospodine
How is the vocative case formed for masculine nouns ending with a soft consonant?
Add -u to the end of the word. prijatelj - prijatelju; Jovanović - Jovanoviću
How is the vocative case formed for feminine nouns ending with -a?
Replace -a with -o at the end of the word. Gospođa - gospođo; Nada - Nado
How is the vocative case formed for feminine nouns ending with -ca?
Replace -ca with -ce at the end of the word. Ljubica - Ljubice; gosođica - gospođice
How is the vocative case formed for nouns ending with a consonant?
Add -i to the end of the word. Noć - noći.
