Chapt 8 Comprehension: Text structures and Teaching procedures Flashcards
DR-TA
directed reading- thinking activity
explain DR-TA
students set own goals for reading (adaptation of guided reading). Requires students to have substantial prior knowledge and word attach skills
story grammar
set of rules (strategy) designed to show how all the parts of a story or interrelated
expository text: metacognative approaches to support understanding
graphic organizers
questioning process
writing for organization
5 W’s for Narrative text
Who (main characters), What (plot), When (setting), Where (setting), How (plot),
Why (problem & resolution)
macrostructure
running summary of text
In a narrative test, readers use structure to construct a situation model of the story and develop an internal schema of reading
4 most effective approaches to building story sense are…
- read alouds
- discuss major structural elements (setting, character, plot
- discuss problem/solution
- use guiding questions
Examples of story grammars for narrative text
- story map
- retelling
- developmental reading (pretelling, guided reading, written retelling)
- reinactments / dramatizations
- writing stories
5 W’s for expository text
What, when, why, how is happening, problem/solution
Role of Questioning. WHY QUESTION?
the questioning process underpins Inquiry. Questions buiid background, develop concepts, clarify reasoning, and lead to higher-level thinking
2 Types of Questions
Clarifying (literal) and higher order thinking
microstructures
details of a selection
Questions are for
Comprehending
Organizing
Elaborating
Monitoring
Questions provide a framework that allows readers to maintain an ongoing summery of what has been read - Questions before…
activate schema and set a purpose
Questions provide a framework that allows readers to maintain an ongoing summery of what has been read - Questions during…
promote engagement
Questions provide a framework that allows readers to maintain an ongoing summery of what has been read - Questions after…
position reader to easily summarize the text
FELS
focusing, extending, lifting, substantiating
CLOZE procedure
classic - teacher deletes words in a passage. modified - may give students a word list or do orally
Critical reading
A ttype of reading in which the reader must evaluate or judge the accuracy and truthfulness of a text
Responsive elaboration
teacher analyzes student’s thought process - can allow for redirection
accountable talk
students focus on substantiating responses carefully - higher order thinking
Guided reading
homogeneous groups of students - focus on skills and support
Steps for guided reading
Introduce text Build background Introduce vocabulary Introduce reading strategies Give Purpose Invoke interest READING Discussion Revisiting Extending
