Chapt 13 Flashcards
emerging adulthood
distinct period of development found in societies that allow young people an extended opportunities to explore
when do mental health issues arise
in emerging adulthood
number one cause of death
accidents
physical development
- peaks in early adulthood (20/30) and then declines in late adulthood
- physical strength peaks in 20s and 30s
what doe young adults have higher rates in
obesity, STI’s, asthma, diabetes, cancer
when does sensory sharpness peak
in 20s but then declines
what age does fertility start decreasing
age 35
how much physical activity do adults need
30 minutes 5 times a week
substance dependence
having the substance in the body becomes a norm
tolerance
the body becomes habituated to a certain amount and needs more to achieve the same effect
abstinence syndrome
withdrawal symptoms occur when the dosage is lowered
examples of abused substances
depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens, many people
what are depressants
slow the nervous system; they include alcohol, narcotics derived from the opium poppy and sedatives
what are stimulants
they speed up heartbeat and bodily functions
what does cocaine do to body
it increases heart rate, spikes blood pressure, constricts arteries, and thicken blood’ combines it can cause cardiovascular and respiratory collapse
hallucinogenic
contribute to perceptual distortions or hallucinations; marijuana, ecstasy, LSD, and PCP are examples
Marijuana
is usually smoked; it helps users to relax, elevates their mood, increases sensory awareness, can induce visual hallucinations
Dysmenorrhea
pelvic cramps; may be brought on my hormones called prostaglandins; fluid retention in the pelvic region may cause boating; 84% experience
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
-combination of biological and psychological symptoms affecting women during 4-6 day interval preceding menstruation
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
- more severe than PMS and must include five or more symptoms,
menstrual problems
treatment includes exercise, dietary control, vitamin supplements
Amenorrhea
Absence of menstruation and a sign of infertility
Dating Violence
“A blanket term that involves “common assaults,” such as verbal threats, pushing, and slapping, committed by an individual in an intimate relationship and often leading to injuries
Sexual harassment
In the workplace, defined as deliberate or repeated unwanted comments, gestures, or physical contacts
Crystallized intelligence
(represents one’s lifetime of intellectual attainments) increases with age
Fluid intelligence
(mental flexibility, the ability to process information rapidly) is more likely to decrease with age
dualistic thinking
absolute judgments
relativistic thinking
more abstract judgements
Pragmatic thought (Labouvie-Vief’s)
Adults must narrow possibilities into choices
Cognitive-affective complexity
the harboring of both positive and negative feelings about their career choices or partners; adults function best when they can accept reality
The Diverse Culture of Postsecondary Education
Diversity refers to the differences we find between groups of people: ethnic and cultural diversity, socio-economic level, gender, age, and sexual orientation
are young adults less or more egocentric than adolescents
less egocentric
extrinsic motives
earning a living, fringe benefits, security
intrinsic motives
opportunity to engage in stimulating and satisfying activities
some intrinsic reasons for working
work ethic, self-identity, self-fulfillment, self worth, socialization, public roles
Careers
are chosen paths that can potentially frame a lifetime of satisfaction and growth; numerous stages
Donald Super theory of career development
- fantasy stage,
- tentative choice stage,
- realistic choice stage
- maintenance stage
5.Retirement stage
Fantasy stage
involves a child’s unrealistic conception of self-potential and of the world of work. stops at age 11 and is more glamourous and unrealistic fit with abilities
Tentative choice stage
age 11-17
the focus is based on interests abilities, limitations, and glamour
Realistic choice stage
choices narrow as students weigh job requirements and rewards against interests, abilities and values
maintenance stage
-person settles into their career role, which normally occurs in a second half of their 30s.
-feeling of moving forward but can feel trapped in a dead end job
Retirement stage
- the individual severs bonds with the workplace; retirees often undertake second of third careers
