Chapt 1. Research Methods

Question 1

What is the hindsight bias

Answer 1

It is the tendency to believe after learning about the outcome that one would have foreseen it

Question 2

What causes us to overestimate our intuition?

Answer 2

1. hindsight bias
2. overconfidence
3. perceive to see patterns in random events

Question 3

What are the qualities a theory should have

Answer 3

1. It should organize information

2. implies prediction that anyone can check

Question 4

What are the 3 types of research types

Answer 4

1. descriptive research
2. correlational research
3. experimental research

Question 5

How is descriptive research carried out

Answer 5

1. case studies
2. naturalistic observations
3. surveys

Question 6

What is crucial in surveys

Answer 6

1. wording effects

2. random sampling

Question 7

how do researchers isolate the effects of one or more factors?

Answer 7

1. manipulating factor of interest

2. controlling other variables

Question 8

What is the difference between a correlational study and an experiment

Answer 8

In an experiment a factor is changhed to see what effects there are whereas a correlational study uncovers naturally occurring relationships.

Question 9

how is correlational research conducted

Answer 9

2 variables are measured without any modifications

Question 10

how is experimental research conducted

Answer 10

random assignment done, 1 or more variables are varied.