chaps 1 and 2 Flashcards
what is House of Refuge
New York City started the first school for males
Parens patriae
the court takes charge of children in need. Permanent with parental rights taken
Doctrine permitted
Child savers
A care facility that aimed to protect potential criminal youth by housing them
Delinquent act
crime
Probation
juvenile remains in the community as long as he/she abides by terms and conditions of probation.
Petition
document which sets forth the allegations to which the juvenile will undergo an adjudicatory hearing
Disposition Hearing
Sentencing hearing
The perspective of juveniles during medieval times
juveniles were mini adults
Uniform Crime Reporting
official data on crime in the United States, published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).
Self-Reporting
Data collected from local surveys.
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
the nation’s primary source of information on criminal victimization.
The Bureau of Justice Statistics
PART I OFFENSES:
Serious Crimes
murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery,
burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, arson, human trafficking – commercial sex acts, and human trafficking – involuntary servitude.
PART II OFFENSES
Less Serious Crimes
Other assaults (simple)―Assaults and attempted assaults where no weapon was used or no serious or aggravated injury resulted to the victim. Stalking, intimidation, coercion, and hazing are included.
Time of year when crimes occur most
Most reported crimes occur during summer months.
chronic offenders
individuals who frequently or persistently violate criminal laws.
The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899
Established the first juvenile court in the U.S.
Kids couldn’t be placed with adults
Development of juvenile probations programs.
Adjudication Hearing
(trial)
a determination of whether the juvenile committed the offense charged.
Disposition Hearing
Sentencing hearing
best interests of the child
A child who is subject to state authority by reason of having committed an act forbidden to youth and illegal solely because the child is underage.
Vicarious liability
form of strict liability
a person is held responsible for actions committed by someone else.
parent child relationship
Clearances
are based on arrests, not judicial dispositions.
decertification
The process by which a juvenile charged as an adult can be transferred from Criminal Court to Juvenile Court for prosecution of an offense.
Certification
Certification is a proceeding in juvenile court in which the Court determines if a juvenile will stand trial as an adult.
Waiver
juvenile court judge waives jurisdiction over a case and refers it to criminal court jurisdiction instead.
Neglected Child
A child who is abandoned by its parents
lacks adequate care because of the parents’ failure to provide care.
Dependent Child
A child who is without adequate parental care, such as to warrant the State assuming the child’s guardianship for the child’s protection.
Delinquent Child
A child who engages in a felony or misdemeanor crime.
do juveniles have the right to jury trial
no. only bench trial
t/f juveniles have the right to confront witness
true. right to confront witness is a juvenile right
t/f juveniles have the right to notice of charges
true. juveniles have the right to notice of charges
t/f juveniles have the right to bail
false. juveniles do not have right to bail.
t/f juveniles have the right to an attorney
True. juveniles do have the right to an attorney
what was the apprenticeship movement
when children were placed in the care of adults who trained them to discharge various duties and obtain skills
juvenille drug usage
Alcohol and marijuana are the most widely used drugs among adolescents.
age of onset
The age of onset of offending is the age at which the first crime is committed.
who makes a motion for certification
district attorney office
Who makes a motion for decertification?
criminal defense attorny
id
primitive(“first”) personality
i want it i got it mentality
part of the mind that contains sexual and aggressive drives
ego
“i know you want it but dont do that” mentality
the ego is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego.
the super-ego
operates as a moral conscience
