Chaper 11: Single-case, Quasi-Experimental, & Development Research Flashcards
What is a multiple baseline design? The 3 types?
An single-case design where treatment isn’t removed, and is instead observed under multiple circumstances. This can be Across Subjects, Across Behaviors, and Across Settings
Describe a multiple baseline design across subjects
Measures behavior across multiple subjects at different times (to rule out explanations based on historical events or current trends)
Describe a multiple baseline design across behaviors
Measures many behaviors across one participant, the same manipulation is applied to each behavior, just at different times
ex. reward system across grooming, reading, and socializing behaviors
Give an example of a multiple baseline across behaviors
A reward system could be instituted to increase the socializing, grooming, and reading behaviors if a patient. The system would be applied to each of these behaviors at different times, demonstrating each behavior increasing when the IV is applied would be evidence for the effectiveness of the manipulation
Describe a multiple baseline design across situations
A single participant’s behavior is measured across multiple settings (like home and work) at different times
What are some alternative explanations One-Group Pretest-Posttest Designs don’t account for?
- History
- Maturation
- Testing
- Instrument Decay
- Regression Toward the Mean
- Morality
What are the pros and cons of the cross-sectional method
Pros- less $, yields faster results
Cons- can’t tell if it’s a true developmental change or a cohort effect (generation of ppl born at around the same time have much different upbringings and views on life)
What are the pros and cons of the longitudinal method?
Pros- Differences are due to developmental change
Cons- $, takes decades, morality
What are the 2 reversal designs?
ABA and ABAB
A=baseline
B=treatment
What is a single-case experimental design?
A design in which the effects of the IV are inferred from one participant
What are the quasi-experimental designs?
- One-Group Posttest Only Design
- One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design
- Nonequivalent Control Group Design
- Nonequivalent Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design
- Time Series Design
What are the 2 types of time series designs?
- Interrupted time series design- When treatment is not created or manipulated by the researcher
- Control series design- Adds a control group
What is a time series design?
Design in which you observe a single group multiple times before and after a treatment
