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Pathology > chap: Innate Immunity-Inflammation > Flashcards

chap: Innate Immunity-Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a natural barrier?
Physical
Mechanical
Biochemical
Resistance
A

Resistance

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2
Q 
Which of the following best describes a physical barrier?
Antibacterial fatty acids
Lysozymes in tears
Epithelial cells
Earwax
A

Epithelial cells

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3
Q 
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the inflammatory response?
It is the third line of defense.
It relies on cellular components only.
It is nonspecific. 
It occurs at healthy tissue.
A

It is nonspecific

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4
Q 
You are evaluating a person who has a leg injury. Which of the following would NOT be an observable characteristic of vascular injury and inflammation?
Redness
Coolness to the touch
Increased swelling
Pain
A

Coolness to the touch

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5
Q 
Which of the following is NOT one of the three pathways to activate the complement system?
Antigen-antibody complexes
Classical pathway
Lectin pathway
Alternative pathway
A

Antigen-antibody complexes

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6
Q 
Which of the following complement factors causes pores to form in the bacterial membrane?
C1
C4
C5b-C9 
C2
A

C5b-C9

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7
Q 
Which of the following complement factors is considered an anaphylatoxin?
C3a 
C1
C7
C9
A

C3a

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8
Q 
Which of the following terms describes a biochemical substance that attracts leukocytes to the site of inflammation?
Carboxypeptidase
Chemotactic factor
Fibrin
Opsonin
A

Chemotactic factor

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9
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the clotting system at the site of injury or inflammation?
Prevents spread of infection to adjacent tissues
Keeps microorganisms at site of greatest inflammatory cell activity
Forms constant bleeding to flush out the microorganism
Provides a framework for future repair and healing

A

Forms constant bleeding to flush out the microorganisms

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10
Q 
Which receptor is found expressed on macrophages and facilitates recognition and phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens?
Complement receptors
Scavenger receptors
Toll-like receptors
Pattern recognition receptors
A

Scavenger receptors

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11
Q

Which of the following statements regarding mast cells is TRUE?
Histamine causes vasoconstriction.
Mast cells are found only in blood vessels.
Snake bites, bee venoms, and toxins may cause activation.
Mast cells are not involved in allergic reactions.

A

Snake bites, bee venoms, and toxins may cause activation

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12
Q 
Which of the following terms describes an acidic sulfur-containing lipid that produces effects similar to histamine?
Leukotriene
Prostaglandin
Adhesion molecule
Phagocyte
A

Leukotriene

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13
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding neutrophils?
They are agranular.
Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes in the early inflammatory site.
They are the largest blood cells.
Neutrophils enter after lymphocytes and macrophages.

A

Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes in the early inflammatory site

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14
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the difference between neutrophils and macrophages?
Neutrophils arrive at the site of inflammation after macrophages.
Macrophages survive and divide at the site of inflammation and neutrophils do not.
Neutrophils and macrophages are attracted by the same factors.
Neutrophils and neutrophils activate the adaptive immune system.

A

Macrophages survive and divide at the site of inflammation and neutrophils do not

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15
Q 
Which of the following are biochemical messengers produced by macrophages and lymphocytes in their response to a bacterial pathogen?
Interleukins
Interferons
Chemokines
Tumor necrosis factor
A

Interleukins

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16
Q 
Which is not a systemic effect of inflammation?
Abscess formation
Fever
Leukocytosis
Acute-phase reactants
A

Abscess formation

17
Q

Chronic inflammation is characterized by:
a lack of giant cells.
being free of exudate.
a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes and macrophages.
inflammation that lasts less than 2 weeks.

A

a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes and macrophages

Pathology (14 decks)

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