chap 8 alterations in immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
“Allergy” means deleterious effects of hypersensitivity.
“Immunity” means an altered immunologic response.
“Hypersensitivity” means the protective response to an antigen.
“Autoimmunity” is the normal response to foreign antigens.

A

“Allergy” means deleterious effects of hypersensitivity

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2
Q
Which of the following is NOT one of the four distinct types of hypersensitivity reactions?
Type I IgE allergic reactions
Type II tissue-specific reactions
Type III immune complex reactions
Type IV autoimmune reactions
A

Type IV autoimmune reactions

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3
Q

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding hypersensitivity reactions?
They require sensitization against a particular antigen.
They occur after the primary immune response.
Reactions are always delayed.
The most delayed reaction is anaphylaxi

A

They require sensitization against a particular antigen

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4
Q

Which of the following is an accurate description of a type I reaction?
It is mediated by IgA.
Most type I reactions are allergic.
Most occur against medications.
It never contributes to autoimmune diseases.

A

Most type I reactions are allergic

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5
Q
Which of the following is the term for an antibody that binds to a mast cell?
Cytotropic 
Allergen
Antigen
Fc
A

Cytotropic

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6
Q

Which of the following is NOT an action of histamine?
It relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.
It increases vascular permeability.
It causes edema.
It increases blood flow into the affected area.

A

It relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

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7
Q

Which of the following is FALSE regarding type I allergic responses?
They can be controlled by controlling histamine.
A negative feedback mechanism stops degranulation.
Most of the biologic effects are due to histamine.
The tissues affected in type I reactions have small concentrations of mast cells.

A

The tissues affected in type I reactions have small concentrations of mast cells

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8
Q
Which of the following is NOT another name for urticaria?
Rhinitis 
Hives
Wheal/flare
Dermal skin reaction
A

Rhinitis

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9
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding atopic individuals?
If one parent has allergies, there is a 4% chance the offspring will have allergies.
If two parents have allergies, there is a 50% chance their offspring will have allergies.
Atopic individuals tend to produce higher quantities of IgE.
There are no genes associated with an atopic state.

A

Atopic individuals tend to produce higher quantities of IgE

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10
Q

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of how type II hypersensitivity affects cells?
The cell is destroyed by antibody and complement.
Antibody may cause phagocytosis.
Components of neutrophils will release their granules.
Antigen-mediated cytotoxicity occurs.

A

Antigen-mediated cytotoxicity occurs

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11
Q

Which of the following is TRUE of “serum sickness”?
It is caused by the formation of immune complexes in the blood.
It is deposition of complexes in the blood vessels.
It occurs through cytotoxic T cells.
It binds antigen to the cell surface.

A

It is caused by the formation of immune complexes in the blood

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12
Q
Which of the following is NOT an example of type IV sensitivity reactions?
Graft rejection
Skin test for tuberculosis
Arthus reactions
Autoimmune processes
A

Arthus reactions

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13
Q
Which of the following is TRUE regarding type IV allergic reaction?
Immediate in its action
Infiltrates with B cells
Has a red, soft center
Can be transferred by cells
A

Can be transferred by cells

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14
Q
Which of the following is an example of alloimmune disease?
Tuberculin reaction
Graves' disease 
Contact dermatitis
Penicillin allergy
A

Graves’ disease

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15
Q
A woman presents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following would you expect to see?
Male gender
White race
Arthritis 
Memory loss
A

Arthritis

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16
Q

A person in the ICU has a history of a kidney transplant. Which of the following is TRUE regarding rejection?
It is a type IV hypersensitivity.
Hyperacute rejection is common.
Acute rejection occurs within months to years.
Without drugs it takes years for rejection.

A

It is a type IV hypersensitivity

17
Q

A person has AIDS. Which of the following symptoms would you NOT expect to see?
Increased appetite
Kaposi sarcoma
Perianal vesicular and ulcerative lesions
Deterioration of vision from cytomegalovirus

A

Increased appetite

18
Q

Secondary immune deficiencies:
are related to genetic defects.
can be associated with psychologic stress.
are associated with clinically relevant infections.
are combined T- and B-cell deficiencies.

A

?

19
Q
Which of the following has NOT been associated with depressed immune function?
Age
Psychologic stress
Malignancies
Vaccines
A

vaccine?