Chap 9 and 10: lipids and membranes pt. 1

Question 1

What is a lipid? (def)

Answer 1

a hydrophobic biological substance that has a much higher affinity for an organic solvent than for water

-lipids are almost insoluble in water

Question 2

are most biological substances hydrophobic or hydrophillic?

Answer 2

They are hydrophobic, but most of them are amphipathic with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

Question 3

Fatty acids composed of?

Answer 3

-long chain of carboxylic acid
-has an even number of carbons
-can be saturated (no DB) or unsaturated (DB)

Question 4

Fatty acid saturated example

Answer 4

stearic acid

Question 5

Fatty acid unsaturated example

Answer 5

Oleic acid

Question 6

are the DB cis or trans?

Answer 6

usually in Cis except for one

Question 7

Biological waxes composed of?

Answer 7

nonpolar esters of fatty acid and long chain alcohol

-alcohol + (fatty) acid= ester

Question 8

biological Waxes properties (solubility and examples)

Answer 8

-highly insoluble
-used in animal skin and fur
-used in many plants
-used in bird feathers

Question 9

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) composition

Answer 9

made from esterification of 3 Fatty acids + glycerol

3 fatty acids + glycerol = TAG+water

Question 10

Triacylglycerols (TAGs) charge and is known as what

Answer 10

-Charges neutralized= hydrophobic

-known as a nutritional fat

Question 11

Fatty acid nomenclature

Answer 11

1. begin name with number of carbons (ex: C16)
   -Carboxyl C gets #1
2. Indicate number of DB after a colon (ex: C16:1)
3. Indicate location of DB from head with alpha (ex: C16:1 alpha9)

(if coming from the tail use omega instead of alpha)

Question 12

Palmitoleic acid nomencalture ???

Answer 12

C16:1 alpha 9
C16:1 omega 7

Question 13

**look at fatty acid nomenclauture flashcards

Answer 13

OKAYYY

Question 14

on slide 6 need to add more later

Answer 14

till slide 21 1st half