Chap 8: The Skeletal And Muscular System Flashcards
What are the functions of the skeleton?
Support
Protection
Movement
What does the vertebrae protect?
The spinal cord
What do the ribs protect?
The heart and lungs
What does the skull protect?
The brain and the eyes
What is the bone in the upper arm?
The humerus
What is the thinner bone in the lower arm?
Ulna
What is the thicker bone in the lower arm?
The radius
What is the bone in the head?
The skull
What is the bone on front of the shoulder?
The collar bone
What is the bone behind the shoulder?
Shoulder blade
What bone is in front of the lungs?
Ribs
What bone is the backbone?
The vertebrae
What bone is the hip bone?
The pelvis
What bone is in the upper leg?
The femur
What is the thicker bone in the leg?
Tibia
What is the thinner bone in the lower leg?
Fibula
What is a joint?
Where bones meet
Types of joints
Fused/fixed
Freely moving / synovial
Types of synovial joints
Ball and socket eg. Shoulder and hip
Hinge joints eg. Elbow and knee
What is the synovial fluid?
The liquid part of the joint
What is the function of the synovial fluid?
Oils the joint
Allows the joint to move freely
What is the cartilage?
The substance that covers the end of the bone
What is the function of the cartilage?
Protects the end of the bone
Reduces friction
What are muscles made of ?
Protein
What do muscles attach to?
Bone on either side of a joint
Function of muscles and joints
To allow movement
What do tendons connect to?
Muscle to bone
What do ligaments connect to?
Connect bone to bone
Antagonistic pair
Two muscles which pull in opposite directions eg. Biceps and triceps
Biceps contracts to pull arm up
Triceps contract to pull arm down
