Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 5 - 8 > Chap 5 integmentary > Flashcards

Chap 5 integmentary Flashcards

1
Q

integumentary system component:

A

epidermis
dermis
hair
cutaneous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

genetic lack of melanin production is called:

A

=albinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

skin color is determined by:

A

amount of melanin

x (not-number of melanocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

function of integumentary system

A 
temperature regulation
sensory reception
vitamin D production
protection
excretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 skin glands:

A

sebaceous

sweat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

accessory skin structures:

A

hair
nails
sweat glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tissue of epidermis;

A

stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

skin restrict the movement of water from body, and help prevention of dehydration:

A
  • cells of the stratum corneum are filled with waxy protein=keratin
  • skin has many layers of cells
  • intercellular spaces of the epidermis are filled with lipids=non-polar hydrophobic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

karatinocyte stem cells of the stratum basale undergo mitotic divisions every 19 days =

A

fastest cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

why skin gets reddish after exercise?

A
  • arterioles of the dermis dilated increasing blood flow to the skin
  • blood flow to dermis increases to remove excess heat from the core
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

2nd degree burn=

A

red, swollen, hot, blisters
dermis
painful
increased risk of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3rd degree burn=

A

grey, white, charred
Hypodermis=full depth/thickness
no-pain
high risk of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

body obtain vitamin-D through;

A
  • exposure to UV radiation

- ingestion of certain food=egg yolk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

most superficial layer of epidermis that is composed of 25 dead keratinized cells;

A

stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nails function;

A

protect fingers and toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

eccrine/merocrine glands produce sweat to;

A
  • empty on to surface of skin (palms, soles)
  • evaporative cooling of the body
  • waste elimination
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

resist abrasion;

A

keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

protect against microorganisms;

A

Langerhans cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

protect against UV radiation;

A

melanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

excreting wastes;

A

sweat glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

friction or pressure to the skin increased the number of layers in the stratum corneum produce a thickened area called;

A

callus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

skin’s features to help protect body from microorganisms;

A
  • components of immune system
  • secretions of sebaceous glands
  • stratified epithelial tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

skin prevents;

A

dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

substances excreted through skin;

A

ammonia
urea
uric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the bump underneath the epidermis is;

A

papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dermis is primarily comprised of ;

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

properties that help skin prevent microorganisms and foreign substances from entering the body;

A
  • lack of blood vessels limits access
  • secretions from skin glands
  • multiple layers of dead cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

keratinocytes;

A

reduce water loss
protein ‘keratin’ makes cells durable
resist abrasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

melanocytes;

A

skin color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

langerhans cells;

A

part of immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

merkel cells;

A

epidermal cells associated with the nerve endings, detect light touch and superficial pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

cerumen and hair in the ear protect:

A

tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

skin does not excrete;

A

GLUCOSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

features of skin to reduce water loss;

A
  • many epidermal and dermal layers
  • keratin-filled cells of epidermis
  • multiple layers of dead skin cells in stratum corneum
  • epidermal lipids
35
Q

2 layer of dermis:

A
  • papillary (superficial)

- reticular (deep)

36
Q

subcutaneous tissue is composed of;

A
  • loose connective tissue

- adipose tissue

37
Q

most superficial layer of dermis and composed of loose connective tissue is;

A

papillary layer

38
Q

receptors dermis contains;

A

touch
pain
variations in temperature
changes in pressure

39
Q

only in stratum basale;

A
  • melanin is produced
  • cells are bound to the basement membrane with hemidesmosomes
  • keratinocytes of the stratum basal have the highest rate of mitotic division than any other layer of epidermis
40
Q

thermal insulation is in;

A

subcutaneous tissue = hypodermis

41
Q

function of subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) =

A
  • storage of energy (lipids)

- insulation and padding

42
Q

stratified squamous epithelium tissue is in;

A

epidermis

43
Q

loose connective and dense irregular tissue is in;

A

dermis

44
Q

loose connective with collagen and elastic fibers, and adipose tissue is in;

A

subcutaneous tissue / hypodermis.

45
Q

glands located on the palm and most other ares of the body are;

A

eccrine sweat glands

46
Q

structural strength of the skin is responsibility of ;

A

dermis

47
Q

hair growth cycle;

A
  • growth stage

- resting stage

48
Q

function of vitamin D

A
  • stimulate uptake of calcium and phosphate from intestines
  • reduce calcium loss from the kidneys
  • promote calcium phosphate release from bones
49
Q

subcutaneous tissue is composed of;

A

adipose tissue

loose connective tissue

50
Q

epidermis does not;

A

does not insulate (no-adipose) and regulate temperature (no-vessels)

51
Q

hair color is influenced by;

A

melanin deposition
melanocyte activity
genetics

52
Q

inside hair bulb is a mass of undifferentiated epithelial calls;

A

matrix = produce the hair and internal root sheath

53
Q

epidermal is composed of;

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

54
Q

subcutaneous tissue is composed of;

A
  • loose connective tissue

- adipose tissue

55
Q

epidermis which produces new keratinocytes and melanin is:

A

stratum basale

56
Q

keratin=protein associated with the skin, is produced by;

A

keratinocytes

keratinocytes are abundant in epidermis

57
Q

sweat excretes;

A
  • urea
  • ammonia
  • salts
58
Q

dermis contains receptors that detect;

A
  • changes in pressure
  • touch
  • variations in temperature
  • pain
59
Q

vesicle that contain melanin are:

A

melanosomes (=vesicle)

x (melanin=cell)

60
Q

subcutaneous tissue attaches to;

A

underlying bone and muscle

61
Q

dermis components;

A
  • blood vessels
  • fibers
  • nerve fibers
  • glands
62
Q

Keratin – what is it? (P144&notes)

A

Produced by Keratinocytes (cell).

Keratinization = cells die and produce outer layer that resists abrasion and forms permeability layer.

63
Q

melanin

A

= pigments for skin, hair, eye color

64
Q

melanocyte

A

Golgi of melanocyte package melanin into vesicles; melanosomes.
Keratinocytes phagocytize the tips of the melanocyte.

65
Q

blue tint of skin, nail, fingertips. Condition of not having enough oxygen in blood; impaired cardiovascular or respiratory function.

A

= Cyanosis

66
Q

jaundice

A

yellowish sin color when excess bile pigments accumulate in blood. liver disease.

67
Q

hair has 3 concentric layers;

A
  1. medulla (CEBTRAL AXIS)
  2. cortex
  3. cuticle (surface)
68
Q

Hair shaft and root;

A

shaft=above skin surface

root=below, base forms hair bulb

69
Q

Hair growth;

A
  • cycles - growth and resting

- hair loss - pattern bolding

70
Q

Arrector pili =

A

muscle contraction causes hair to stand

71
Q

sebaceous gland (oily lubricant) and apocrine sweat gland empty into;

A

hair follicle

apocrine=found in axillae(armpit), genitalia, anus

72
Q

merocrine/eccrine sweat gland empty onto;

A

surface of the skin

73
Q

vitamin D

A
  • stimulate uptake of calcium and phosphate form intestine
  • promote release from bones
  • reduce calcium loss from kidneys
74
Q

V-D stnthesis;

A

begins in exposure to ultraviolet, or ingested; fish liuver, egg yolks, dairy products, supplements.

75
Q

skin ages;

sunlight ages skin rapidly

A
  • skin easily damaged; epidermis thins, collagen in dermis decreases, repair occurs slower, decrease number of elastic fibers, loss of adipose tissue from subcutaneous tissue.
  • become drier; decreased sebaceos gland activity, sweat glands, blood supply, regulate body temp = heat exhaustion
  • melanocytes function decreases, but face and hands produce age spots. white or gray hair.
76
Q

dermatitis=

A

itchy, pink rash.

  • contact dermatitis
  • allergic reaction
  • atopic
77
Q

Burn degree;

A
  • 1st: epidermis – redness, pain, swell(edema)
  • 2nd : dermis – redness, pain, swell(edema), blister
  • 3rd: Hypodermis/full thickness – no pain, white, tan, dark
78
Q

cancer ABCDE

A 
A-asymmetry
B-border irregularity
C-color not uiform
D-diameter greater than 6 mm (size of pencil eraser)
E-evolving size
79
Q

burn degree;

A
  • 1st: epidermis – redness, pain, swell(edema)
  • 2nd : dermis – redness, pain, swell(edema), blister
  • 3rd: Hypodermis/full thickness – no pain, white, tan, dark
80
Q

Dermatitis;

A

Itchy pink rash

  • contact dermatitis
  • allergic reaction
  • atopic
81
Q

Cyanosis =

A

Blue tint of skin , nail, fingertips, not having enough oxygen in blood

82
Q

Sweat glands;

A
  • apocrine gland empty into hair follicle - found in axillae, genitalia, anus
  • eccrine/merocrine gland empty into surface of the skin
83
Q

Vitamin C is necessary for;

A

Collagen synthesis / connective tissue by osteoblasts.

Deficiency=rickets

Exam 5 - 8 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions