chap 5 general Flashcards
pericardium
structure (double-layer serous membrane) that is around the heart pericardial sac
epicardium
structure (membrane) upon the heart. also known as visceral pericardium
parietal pericardium
outer membrane
pericardial fluid
the slippery, watery fluid that allows the membranes to slide as the heart contracts and relax
myocardium
muscular layer of the heart
endocardium
a layer of the cells that lines the heart chambers and the heart’s valves
intima
structure of the innermost cellular layer of blood vessels. also known as the endothelium
foramen ovale
opening in the interatrial septum of the fatal heart. allows oxygenated blood from the mother to go directly to the left side of the heart to be pumped to the whole body. this closed when the baby is born
ductus arteriosus
a small blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta in the fetal heart. this allows oxygenated blood from the mother to go directly from the pulmonary artery to the aorta and the whole body closes at birth.
sinus
recessed area or channel
systole
contraction of the heart muscle
sinoatrial node (SA)
the pacemaker of the heart. generates 80-100 bpm.
atrioventricular (AV) node
lower right atrium
bundle of his
upper ventricular septum
Purkinje fiber
ending in network of nerves (walls of ventricle)
diastole
resting period between contractions. it is when the heart dilates and fills with blood
resting normal HR
70-80 bpm
epinephrine
hormone from the adrenal gland and neurotransmitters for the sympathetic nervous system. it causes the heart to beat faster.
chordae tendineae
rope-like strand attached to the valve leaflet of tricuspid and mitral valves. keeps the valves tightly closed when the ventricle contracts.
dietetics
the body produces its own supply of cholesterol to make bile, neurotransmitter, and male/female sex hormone
white coat hypertension
gets nervous at the doctor’s office so they have hypertension
