chap 5 Flashcards
“Ecological Succession is the orderly process of community change over time.”
Eugene Odum
also known as a wildfire or wildland fire. It is an uncontrolled and rapid spreading fire that consumes vegetation, trees, and other flammable materials in forested or wildland areas.
Forest fire
A _________ is a sudden and violent release of molten rock,
ash, gases, and other volcanic materials from a volcano. When it occurs, it can clear vegetation in several ways.
Volcanic eruption
activities that clear forests include deforestation
for agriculture, logging, urban development, and
infrastructure expansion.
human activities
what are the three disturbances
forest fire
volcanic eruption
human activities
After a disturbance, the
community will go
through a series of
stages, each with its own
characteristic species
composition and
structure. These stages
are known as____________,
and they eventually lead
to a more stable
community known as
the __________________.
seral (intermediate) stage, climax community
involves the gradual establishment of biotic communities in an area that has not been occupied by life before
primary succession
the more common type of
succession, involves the reestablishment of a biotic community in
an area where a biotic community was previously present.
Secondary succession
Types of succession
Primary succession
secondary succession
General process of succession
- Nudation
- Invasion
- Competition and coaction
- Reaction
- Climax Community
Development of a bare area
without any form of life
Nudation
Causes of Nudation
i. topographic
ii. climatic
iii. biotic
Successful establishment of a species in a bare area
Invasion
It involves following successive stages:
i. Migration (dispersal)
ii. Ecesis (establishment)
iii. Aggregation
The seeds, spores, or other propagules of the species reach the bare
area
Migration (dispersal)
