chap 33 Flashcards
skeletal system in movement
- support soft tissues
- protects crucial components of body
- provides attachment for muscles, tendons, ligaments
- storage areas for mineral/fat
- produce blood cells
types of bones
- long
- short
- flat
- irregular shaped
types of joints
- ball&socket
- condyloid
- gliding
- hinge
- pivot
- saddle
functions of muscles
- motion
- maintain posture
- support
- heat production
factors affecting movement
- development
- physical health
- mental health
- lifestyle
- attitude/values
- fatigue/stress
- external factors
types of exercise
- isometric
- isotonic
- isokinetic
isotonic
- aerobic
- muscle shortening and active movement
isometric
involves muscle contraction w/out shortening
isokinetic
involves muscle w/ resistance
assessing mobility
- general ease of movement
- gait
- alignment & posture
- joint structures
- muscle mass, tone, strength
- endurance
preventing injury using ergonomics
- proper posture
- longest & strongest muscles to provide power
- avoid twisting body
- slide/roll/push/pull
- spread feet
- take breaks
positioning devices
- foam wedge & pillows
- adjustable beds
- trapeze bars
- trochanter rolls
- hand rolls
patient positioning
- fowlers
- sims
- supine/dorsal recumbent
- prone
- side lying/lateral
assisting with ambulation
- physical condition
- using one to two nurse assist
- use mechanical aids
nervous system in relation to movement
w/out nerves, movement of the skeletal/muscular systems would be impossible
effects of exercise on cardiovascular system
- increased efficiency of heart
- decreased heart rate & BP
- increased blood flow
- improved venous return
- increased circulation of fibrinolysin
effects of exercise on respiratory system
- increase alveolar ventilation
- decreased work of breathing
- improved diaphragmatic excursion
effects of exercise on musculoskeletal system
- increase muscle efficiency
- increased coordination
- reduced bone loss
- increased efficiency of nerve impulse transmission
effects of exercise on metabolic process
- increased triglyceride breakdown
- increased gastric motility
- increased production of heat
effects of exercise on gastrointestinal system
- appetite increased
- intestinal tone increased
- weight may be controlled
effects of exercise on urinary system
- improved blood flow to kidneys
- maintain body fluid balance
mobility nursing diagnoses
- activity intolerance
- impaired transfer ability
- risk for activity intolerance
