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Biology > Chap 3 > Flashcards

Chap 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Plasma membrane

A

A semi permeable membrane that surrounds all cells

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2
Q

Ribosome

A

A2 part structure in all cells where proteins are synthesized

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3
Q

Pathogen

A

An organism that causes disease

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4
Q

Flagellum

A

A protein structure cells used to get from one place to another

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5
Q

Diffusion

A

The movement of a solution from an area of high concentrate to low

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6
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of a solvent across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low concentrate to high concentrate

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7
Q

Endocytosis

A

When a cell takes a substance by surrounding it with plasma membrane making it a vesicle

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8
Q

Exocytosis

A

When A substance in a vesicle is released into a cell’s environment by fusing with the plasma membrane

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9
Q

Aerobes

A

Organism that use oxygen and their cellular respiration

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10
Q

anaerobes

A

Organisms that don’t use oxygen in their cellular respiration

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11
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

The theory that a eukaryotic cell came from an engulfed prokaryotic cell

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12
Q

Three main parts of cell theory

A
  1. Cells are the basic unit of life
  2. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
  3. Cells only arise from other cells
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13
Q

Is a prokaryotic cell or a eukaryotic cell smaller

A

Prokaryotic cell

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14
Q

How many layers of phospholipid are found in the plasma membrane

A

Two layers

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15
Q

How are the lipid molecules arranged in the plasma membrane

A

The Hydrophilic heads are pointed into the cell or outside of the cell the hydrophobic tails towards each other

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16
Q

what is the main function of plasma membrane

A

it lets some substances in while blocking out others

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17
Q

What three structures can be found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

A
  1. cytoplasm
  2. Plasma membrane
  3. Ribosome
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18
Q

what is the function of a flagellum

A

A protein structure for the cells to move around

19
Q

What is the function of a ribosome

A

A two part structure in the cell where proteins are synthesized

20
Q

What is the function of the nucleus

A

Housing place for genetic information

21
Q

What is the function of a mitochondria

A

Making energy

22
Q

Function of lysosome

A

Breaks down chemicals

23
Q

Function of (ER)

A

Protein production

24
Q

Function of smooth (ER)

A

Production of lipid

25
Q

Two main functions of cytoskeleton

A
  1. Keeping organelles in place
  2. Moving substances from place to place
26
Q

What is the main function of a Chloroplast

A

Photosynthesis

27
Q

where is DNA found other than the nucleus

A

Chloroplast
Mitochondria

28
Q

What is the abbreviation for the molecule that cell use when they need energy

A

ATP

29
Q

What do you get after releasing energy (ATP)

A

(ADP) (P)

30
Q

What is chlorophyll’s row in photosynthesis

A

Capturing energy from light

31
Q

What chemicals are used up in photosynthesis and what are made

A

Photosynthesis uses (C)carbon dioxide and (H2O)water to get glucose and (O) oxygen

32
Q

What is the net number of ATP made in glycolysis

A

2

33
Q

If there is no oxygen available, What can the cell do so that energy can continue to be made through respiration

A

Fermentation

34
Q

After glycolysis there are three processes that happen in the presence of oxygen what are they

A

Electro transport chain
Kreb cycle
prep step

35
Q

how many atp’s are made in the prep step

A

no atp’s are made

36
Q

how many atp’s are made in Electro transport chain

A

32

37
Q

What is the purpose of making NADH FADH2

A

They are made to capture the free ranging electrons and take them to the Electro transport chain

38
Q

how many atp’s are made in the Krebs cycle

A

2

39
Q

Light dependent make what

A

Oxygen

40
Q

Light independent make

A

Glucose

41
Q

Light independent

A

ADP+ P

42
Q

Hypertonic

A

High concentrate of salt (solute)

43
Q

Hypotonic

A

Salt (solute) concentrate is very low

44
Q

Isotonic

A

Salt (solute) is = to the environment of the cell (solvent)

Biology (6 decks)

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