Ch. 6 STUDY

Question 1

biotechnology

Answer 1

field that involves applying tools to the genome of an organism

Question 2

recombinant DNA

Answer 2

resulting DNA when from two or more organisms are -><- (joined)

Question 3

genetic engineering

mod

Answer 3

when someone modifies nucleic acids, (DNA or RNA), or entire genomes

Question 4

plasmid

⭕

Answer 4

a small circular piece of DNA often found in bacteria

Question 5

transgenic

Answer 5

An Organism that has genetic material from another type of Organism

Question 6

Cloning

Answer 6

Making a copy of a piece of DNA, gene, genome, or an entire individual

Question 7

Reproductive cloning

Answer 7

Using adult cells from an adult to make a new individual

Question 8

Therapeutic cloning

Answer 8

Using adult cells to produce various mature adult cells

Question 9

Stem cell

Answer 9

An undifferentiated cell that can mature into many different types of cells

Question 10

Gene therapy

Answer 10

Altering genes in order to treat or stop disease

Question 11

Genomics

Answer 11

field that studies order of nucleotides in DNA, their structure, function, and location

Question 12

Proteomics

Answer 12

study of proteins produced in an organism

Question 13

functional genomics

Answer 13

focuses on the function of genes, control, interactions between the various part of the genome

Question 14

Comparative genomics

Answer 14

Study comparing the similarities and differences between genomes of various organisms

Question 15

ex vivo

Answer 15

out of the llving

Question 16

in vivo

Answer 16

in the living

Question 17

How many individuals are needed to clone

Answer 17

3, the doner( gives nuc.), the egg( gives egg), the carrier( carry’s the child)

Question 18

another word for RFLP

Answer 18

DNA fingerprint

Question 19

What are STR’s

seq of dna base pair

Answer 19

Short sequences of DNA base pairs

Question 20

How can STR’s vary from person to person

Answer 20

The sequence of times the genes repeat

Question 21

What kinds of people can RFLP’s and STR’s not tell apart

Answer 21

identical twins (same DNA)

Question 22

When a gene from an animal, plant, or human is inserted into a bacterium what vector is used

Answer 22

a plasmid

Question 23

Would a clone of something at the same age look the same

Answer 23

no, environment

Question 24

Why is embryonic stem cell therapy unethical

Answer 24

In order to obtain the stem cell you would have to kill the embryo

Question 25

What does the guide RNA do in CRISPR

Answer 25

It determines where the DNA changes will be made

Question 26

What enzyme does RNA use to attach to CRISPR

Answer 26

CAS9

Question 27

What is the problem with making transgenic people

Answer 27

It would increase their number of genes and it would make them outside of God’s image

Question 28

What does the highest number of DNA segments look like

Answer 28

Very bright in the middle

Question 29

What does the longest segment of DNA look like

Answer 29

Sort of bright and near the negative Electro end

Question 30

What does the shortest DNA segments look like

Answer 30

Very faint and near the positive electrode end

Question 31

What does the lowest number of DNA segments look like

Answer 31

Very faint and towards the positive electrode end

Question 32

What are the three steps of the PCR process

Answer 32

Denaturing, annealing, extension

Question 33

Would increasing the cycles of a PCR test create more sensitivity or less, why

Answer 33

More sensitivity because every time a cycle is done the segments are doubled

Question 35

In CRISPR experiment, some DNA appears we’re it shouldn’t, what needs to be modified

Answer 35

The RNA

Question 36

In pluripotent stem cells to treat illness, there is a de-differentiation process why is there a differentiation process?

Answer 36

After turning into their cell, it separates the cell into specific jobs

Question 37

What does restriction enzyme do

Answer 37

Cuts foreign dna

Question 38

Another name for restriction enzyme

Answer 38

Restriction endonculeases

Question 39

What produces human insulin to treat diabetes

Answer 39

Transgenic bac.

Question 40

What is a pluripotent stem cell

Answer 40

A de- differentiated adult cell that is like a stem cell

Question 41

CRISPR can insert genes to produce transgenic org. What can it also do

Answer 41

Edit genes that are already present