chap 22

Question 1

arteries

Answer 1

oxygenated, nutrient rich blood

Question 2

veins

Answer 2

deoxygenated, nutrient depleted, waste laden blood

Question 3

capillaries

Answer 3

enable exchange of nutrients

Question 4

lymphatic system

Answer 4

drain excess fluid and plasma proteins from bodily tissues

Question 5

hair loss, numbness, swelling (subjective)

Answer 5

indicate poor blood flow

Question 6

femoral pulse

Answer 6

below and medial to the inguinal ligament

Question 7

politeal pulse

Answer 7

• easier to find prone
• fairly deep
• behind knee

Question 8

dorsalis pedis pulse

Answer 8

• assess both feet at same time

- apply pressure internal to and along the side of the extensor tendons of the big toe

Question 9

posterior tibial pulse

Answer 9

• palpate in the groove between the ankle and the achilles tendon
• bilateral assessment

Question 10

peripheral edema

Answer 10

• swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body’s tissues
• most common in hands, arms, feet, ankles, and legs

Question 11

0+ peripheral edema

Answer 11

no pitting

Question 12

1+ peripheral edema

Answer 12

mild pitting, 2 mm depression that disappears rapidly

Question 13

2+ peripheral edema

Answer 13

moderately pitting, 4 mm depression that disappears in 10-15 secs

Question 14

3+ peripheral edema

Answer 14

moderately severe pitting, 6 mm depression that may last more than 1 min

Question 15

4+ peripheral edema

Answer 15

severe pitting edema, 8 mm depression that may last more than 2 min

Question 16

arterial insufficiency

Answer 16

• pain: intermittent to sharp
• pulses: diminished or absent
• skin: pallor, dry, shiny skin, cool to cold temp, loss of hair, nails thickened/rigged

Question 17

peripheral artery disease

Answer 17

• arteries slowly become narrowed or blocked
• plaque gradually forms
• untreated risk for heart attack, stroke, TIA, renal artery disease, amputation

Question 18

PAD risk assessment

Answer 18

• smoking
• diabetes
• obesity
• hypertension
• hyperlipidemia
• increased age
• family history
• african american

Question 19

venous insufficiency

Answer 19

• pain: aching, cramping
• pulses: present but difficult to palpate due to edema
• skin: pigmentation, skin thickened and tough, reddish-blue color

Question 20

ischemia

Answer 20

• death of tissue

- inadequate blood supply to tissues, usually caused by a problem in the blood vessel

Question 21

deep vein thrombosis

Answer 21

deep vein that is occluded by a blood clot

Question 22

risk factors for DVT

Answer 22

• prolonged bedrest
• history of varicose veins
• trauma
• infection
• cancer
• oral contraception

Question 23

signs and symptoms of DVT

Answer 23

• sudden onset of intense, sharp, deep muscle pain
• increased warmth
• increased swelling
• redness
• dependent cyanosis
• tender to palpation

Question 24

homan sign

Answer 24

positive sign: pain in calf on forceful /abrupt dorsiflexion of the patient’s foot

Question 25

raynaud disease

Answer 25

vascular disorder that causes intermittent interruption of blood flow to the exterities

Question 26

lymphedema

Answer 26

swelling that generally occurs in one of your arm/leg

Question 27

varicose veins

Answer 27

superficial veins that have become enlarged