Chap 2: Short answer questions

Question 1

Identify the philosophical debate in psychology relevant to Aristotle

Answer 1

1. Aristotle believed that ‘reasoning and thinking’ took place in the heart and that the brain was just a large gland that helped cool down ‘forces of life that descended from heaven and entered the body’.

Question 2

Identify the philosophical debate in psychology relevant to Hippocrates

Answer 2

Hippocrates believed that medicine was separate from philosophy, and aimed to establish a more scientific approach. He proposed that humans consisted of four fluids- blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile

Question 3

Identify the philosophical debate in psychology relevant to Descartes

Answer 3

Descartes asserted that people could exercise ‘free will’; that is, they could decide for themselves to take a course of action and follow it through

Question 4

Define heredity

Answer 4

Heredity is genetic inhertance, the gentic characteristics received from the biological mother and father.

Question 5

Summarise dualism

Answer 5

The notion that dualism views that the mind and brain are seperate entities.

Question 6

Identify to key differences between psychiatry and psychology

Answer 6

The length of time taken to become a registered pshycologist is shorter than that of a psychiatrist. A psychiatrist therefore can prescibe medication and perform medical procedures, whereas a psychologist cannot.