chap 18 Flashcards
Four types of macromolecules
Poteins, nucleic acid, lipids and carbs
What are the acidic amino acids
Aspartic and glutamic acid
What are the basic amino acids
Arginine and Histidine
What are the aromatic amino acids
phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine
What are the hydroxilic amino acids
serine and threonine
what are the amidic amino acids
asparagine and glutamine
what the isoelectric point means (for an amino acid, and a protein)
The pH where there are equal numbers of +/- charges on the A.A.
chirality
Contains 4 different substituents
four levels of protein structure.
- Primary – the sequence of amino acids
- Secondary – Local folding – alpha helix and beta sheets
- Tertiary – structure of the entire protein
- Quaternary – How the protein interacts with other proteins
what are the 9 essential amino acids
histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine
collagen
– major structure in connective tissue
o Triple helix
Hemoglobin
o 4 polypeptide chains – heme
o Contains iron
o Transport protein – transports O2 and CO2
Myoglobin
o Very high affinity for O2
o Found in the muscles
Insolun
o Attaches to cells to allow uptake of blood glucose
Chemical properties of proteins (hydrolysis)
Denaturation
breaking down a protein to its primary structure. o Heat o Mechanical agitation o Detergents o Organic compounds o pH change o Inorganic salts