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Phy > Chap 1- Measurement, motion > Flashcards

Chap 1- Measurement, motion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the standard unit for:
-distance
-temperature
-volume
-time
-mass

A

-distance - meter (m)
-temperature - kelvin (K)
-volume - millimeters (ml)
-time - seconds (s)
-mass - kilograms (Kg)

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2
Q

Name the different units of measurement starting from Giga to Nano and their standard from

A

-Gigameters (10^9)
-Megameters (10^6)
-Kilometers (10^3)
-Decimeters (10^-1)
-Centimeters (10^-2)
-Millimeters (10^-3)
-Micrometers (10^-6)
-Nanometers (10^-9)

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3
Q

What is the accuracy of vernier calipers, ruler, tape and micrometer in millimeters

A

vernier calipers- 0.1mm
ruler- 1mm
tape- 1mm
micrometer- 0.0.1mm

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4
Q

What are the two types of quantities

A

vector and scalar

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5
Q

what is scalar quantity

A

-has magnitude (size)

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6
Q

what is vector quantity

A

-has magnitude (size) and direction

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7
Q

Give 6 examples of a scalar quantity

A

-distance
-time
-temperature
-speed
-energy
-mass

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8
Q

Give 6 examples of a vector quantity

A

-displacement
-force
-weight
-velocity
-acceleration
-gravitational field strength

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9
Q

Which axis does the independent and dependent variable go on

A

-independent - x
-dependent - y

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10
Q

define velocity

A

speed with a given direction

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11
Q

define speed

A

distance covered in a given time

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12
Q

define acceleration

A

change in velocity per unit time

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13
Q

what do you call negative acceleration

A

deceleration

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14
Q

define displacement

A

Object/s overall change in position (how far from start to end)

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15
Q

define distance

A

how far an object moves (how much travelled)

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16
Q

What is the formula for acceleration - symbols and word

A

final velocity - initial velocity
—————————————– = acceleration
time
v - u
—— = a
t

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17
Q

what does the flat line in a distance time graph represent

A

object is stationary

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18
Q

what type of line in a distance time graph shows object moving forward

A

line going up

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19
Q

what does the down line in a distance time graph represent

A

object is going opposite direction

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20
Q

What is the relationship between the gradient and speed in a distance time graph

A

as gradient increases, speed increases

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21
Q

how do you get the gradient in a graph

A

rise (y) over run (x)

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22
Q

What is happening when an object returns to 0 in a distance time graph

A

object retuned into original place

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23
Q

what does the flat line in a speed time graph represent

A

object is moving at constant speed

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24
Q

what type of line in a speed time graph shows object accelerating

A

line up

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25
Q

what does the down line in a speed time graph represent

A

negative acceleration

26
Q

How do you get the distance traveled in speed time graph

A

find the area under the graph

27
Q

What is the relationship between the gradient and speed in a speed time graph

A

as gradient increases, acceleration increases

28
Q

what is the acceleration of freefall

A

9.8 ms^-2

29
Q

What is the unit for acceleration

A

meters per second squared (ms^-2 / m/s^2)

30
Q

What is the unit for speed

A

meters per second (ms^-1)

31
Q

What must you do when finding speed and the units aren’t SI

A

Always convert units first

32
Q

What is the formula for speed - symbols and word

A

total distance
———————- = speed
total time
d
– = s
t

33
Q

If answer has many decimals, what must you leave you answer in

A

3 significant figures

34
Q

Which equipment is used to measure mass

A

top pan balance

35
Q

Which equipment is used to measure volume

A

measuring cylinder

36
Q

Which equipment is used to measure time

A

stopwatch

37
Q

Which equipment is used to measure distance

A

ruler, tape, vernier calipers, micrometer

38
Q

define accurate

A

how close measurement is to the true/ accepted value

39
Q

define precise

A

how close measurement of the same value are to each other

40
Q

note: accuracy is between true value
precision is between results

A
41
Q

How can you ensure the results are relaible

A

-use equipment properly
-repeat experiment 3 times
-follow the method closely

42
Q

What is the minimum times you need to repeat the experiment for accuracy

A

3

43
Q

what are the 3 types of variable and what are they

A

-independent - changed variable
-dependent - measured variable
-controlled - variables kept the same

44
Q

define mass

A

amount of matter in a object

45
Q

What is the unit for mass

A

Kilograms (kg)

46
Q

define gravitational field strength

A

gravitational force per unit mass

47
Q

what is the earth/s gravitational field strength equal to

A

freefall acceleration = 9.8 ms^-2

48
Q

define weight

A

gravitational force acting on an object with mass

49
Q

what is the formula for weight - symbols and words

A

weight = mass x gravitational field strength
w = mg

50
Q

What is the units for the formula in weight

A

-weight - Newtons (N)
-gravitational field strength - Nkg^-1
-mass - kg

51
Q

What happens to the gravitational field strength on an object and weight as mass increases

A

mass increases, gravitational field strength on an object increases, weight increases

52
Q

define density

A

amount of mass in a given volume

53
Q

What is the units for density formula

A

-density - Kgm^-3 / gcm ^-3
-mass - kg
-volume - m^3

54
Q

1m^3 = 1000000cm^3

A

1m^3 = 1m x 1m x 1m
1m^3 = 100cm x 100cm x 100cm
1m^3 = 1000000cm^3

55
Q

what is required for the density of an object to float

A

object has to be less dense than water

56
Q

what is required for the density of an object to sink

A

object has to be more dense than water

57
Q

what is the formula of density - symbols and words

A

mass
———– = density
volume
m
—– = p
V

58
Q

define freefall

A

motion under the force of gravity alone

59
Q

define liner motion

A

motion where acceleration is not constant

60
Q

define uniform motion

A

motion where acceleration is constant

61
Q

what is the unit for gravitational feild strength

A

Nkg ^ -1
newtons per kilograms

Phy (11 decks)

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