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Psy 254: Brain, Mind, & Experience > Chap 1: Biopsychology > Flashcards

Chap 1: Biopsychology Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

The cells of nervous system

A

Behavior depends upon the communication between neurons

The brain has about 100 billion neurons

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2
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

12 to 15 billion neurons

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3
Q

Cerebellum

A

70 billion neurons

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4
Q

Spinal cord

A

1 billon neurons

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5
Q

Monist

A

Both (mental decision and the movement of the arm) are physical

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6
Q

Dualist

A

Mental and physical are separate substances

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7
Q

Descartes: Cartesian Impasse

A

Neuron fires an action potential-> action potential reaches the terminal-> neurotransmitter is released-> and binds to receptors on post synaptic neuron

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8
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

GABA, Glutamate, Dopamine

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9
Q

Biopsychology

A

The scientific study of the biology of behavior

It draws together knowledge from the other neuroscientific disciplines and apply it to the study of behavior

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10
Q

Psychology

A

The scientific study of behavior-the scientific study of all overt activities of the organism as well as the internal processes that are presumed to underlie them (learning, memory, motivation, perception, & emotion)

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11
Q

Difference between Biopsychology and neuroscience

A

Neuroscience is a team effort and biopsychologists are important members of the team

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12
Q

Neuroanatomy

A

The study of the structure of the nervous system

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13
Q

Neurochemistry

A

The study of the chemical bases of neural activity

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14
Q

Neuroendocrinology

A

The study of the chemical bases of neural activity

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15
Q

Neuropathology

A

The study of nervous system disorders

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16
Q

Neuropharmacology

A

The study of the effects of drugs on neural activity

17
Q

Neurophysiology

A

The study of the functions and activities of the nervous system

18
Q

Physiological psychology

A

The division of biopsychology that studies the neural mechanisms of behavior through the direct manipulation of the brain in controlled experiments (surgical & electrical methods)

19
Q

Psychopharmacology

A

Is similar to physiological psychology, except that it focuses on the manipulation of neural activity and behavior with drugs
It’s purpose is to develop therapeutic drugs or to reduce drug abuse

20
Q

Neuropsychology

A

The study of the psychological effects of brain damage in human patients
Deals almost exclusively with case studies and quasi experimental studies of patients with brain damage resulting from disease, accident, or neurosurgery

21
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

The outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres that is most likely to be damaged by accident or surgery

22
Q

Psychophysiology

A

The division of biopsychology that studies the relation between physiological activity and psychological processes in human subjects

23
Q

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

The usual measure of brain activity is the scalp

24
Q

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A

The division of the nervous system that regulates the body’s inner environment

25
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

The youngest division of biopsychology, but it is currently among the most active and exciting
It studies the neural bases of cognition

26
Q

Cognition

A

A term that generally refers to higher intellectual processes such as thought, memory, attention, & complex perceptual processes

27
Q

Functional brain imaging

A

Recording images of the activity of the living human brain; while a subject is engaged in a particular cognitive activity, the major method of cognitive neuroscience

28
Q

Comparative psychology

A

Compare the behavior of different species in order to understand the evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of behavior

29
Q

Ethological research

A

The study of animal behavior in its natural environment

30
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

A subfield that focuses on understanding behavior by considering its likely evolutionary origins

31
Q

Behavioral genetics

A

The study of genetic influences on behavior

32
Q

Critical thinking

A

The identification of weaknesses in existing beliefs is one of the major stimuli for scientists to adopt creative new approaches

33
Q

Morgan’s Canon

A

When there are several possible interpretations for a behavioral observation

34
Q

Prefrontal lobotomy

A

A surgical procedure in which the connections between the prefrontal lobes and the rest of the brain are cut as a treatment for mental illness

35
Q

Prefrontal lobes

A

Large areas, left and right at the very front of the brain

36
Q

Transorbital lobotomy

A

It involves inserting an ice pick like device under the eyelid, driving it through the orbit (the eye socket) with a few taps of a mallet, & pushing it into the frontal lobes

37
Q

Psychosurgery

A

Any brain surgery, such as prefrontal lobotomy, preformed for the treatment of a psychological problem

Psy 254: Brain, Mind, & Experience (6 decks)

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