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AB PSYCH SINAG'S > CHAP 1 > Flashcards

CHAP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

a psychological dysfunction within an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER

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2
Q

refers to a breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioural functioning

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL DYSFUNCTION

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3
Q

this criterion is satisfied if the individual is extremely upset

A

DISTRESS

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4
Q

one’s functioning is considered as impaired if it hindres and obstructs one’s life extremely

A

IMPAIRMENT

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5
Q

used the shorthand definition of HARMFUL DYSFUNCTION — a concept that is also useful to determine whether the behaviour is out of the individual’s control

A

JEROME WAKEFIELD

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6
Q

meaning of DSM

A

DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS

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7
Q

scientific study of psychological disorder

A

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

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8
Q

refers to the unique combination of behaviours, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific disorder

A

CLINICAL DESCRIPTION

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9
Q

set of problems a patient has and the reason why they went to the clinic

A

PRESENTING PROBLEM

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10
Q

how many people in the population as a whole have the disorder

A

PREVALENCE

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11
Q

how many new cases occur during a given period

A

INCIDENCE

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12
Q

means that a disorder follows an individual pattern

A

COURSE

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13
Q

tend to last a long time, sometimes a lifetime

A

CHRONIC COURSE

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14
Q

likely to recover but there is a recurrence at a later time

A

EPISODIC COURSE

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15
Q

the disorder will improve without treatment in a relatively short period with little or no risk of recurrence

A

TIME-LIMITED COURSE

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16
Q

they begin suddenly

A

ACUTE ONSET

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17
Q

develop gradually over an extended period of time

A

INSIDIOUS ONSET

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18
Q

the anticipated course of a disorder

A

PROGNOSIS

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19
Q

the individual will recover

A

prognosis is good

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20
Q

probable outcome doesn’t look good

A

prognosis is guarded

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21
Q

the study of origins; has to do with why a disorder begins

A

ETIOLOGY

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22
Q

is important to the study of psychological disorders

A

TREATMENT

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23
Q

suggested that the disease of melancholy was the source of some bizarre behavior

A

NICHOLAS ORESME

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24
Q

suggested that movements of stars and moon had profound effects on peopel’s psychological functioning

A

PARACELSUS

25
Q

father of modern western medicine

A

HIPPOCRATES

26
Q

believed that psychological disorders might also be caused by brain pathology or head trauma and could be influenced by heredity

A

HIPPOCRATES

27
Q

normal brain functioning was related to four bodily fluids or humors

A

HUMORAL THEORY

28
Q

BLOOD =
BLACK BILE =
YELLOW BILE =
PHLEGM =

A

HEART
SPLEEN
LIVER
BRAIN

29
Q

blood, red, hot and wet
ruddy in complexion, cheerful and optimistic
excessive blood: insomnia and delirium

A

SANGUINE

30
Q

black bile; cold and dry
depressive
depression was thought to be caused by black bile flooding the brain

A

MELANCHOLIC

31
Q

yellow bile; hot and dry
hot tempered

A

CHOLERIC

32
Q

phlegm; cold and wet, white
apathy and sluggishness, calm under stress

A

PHLEGMATIC

33
Q

a somatic symptom disorder, in which the physical symptoms appear to be a result of a medical problem for which no physical cause can be found

A

HYSTERIA

34
Q

an STD caused by a bacterial microorganisms entering the brain and includes delusion of persecution and delusions of grandeur, and other bizarre behavior

A

SYPHILIS

35
Q

a condition in which psychotic patients deteriorated stardily, becoming paralyzed and dying within 5 years of onset

A

GENERAL PARESIS

36
Q

he facilitated the identification of the specific bacterial microorganisms that caused SYPHILIS

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

37
Q

mentally ill patients should be treated as physically ill

A

JOHN P GREY

38
Q

used higher dosages of insulin until patients convulsed and became temporary comatose

A

MANFRED SAKEL (INSULIN SHOCK THERAPY)

39
Q

was abondened because it was too dangerous, often resulting to prolonged coma or even death

A

INSULIN SHOCK THERAPY

40
Q

another method of producing convulsions discovered by Benjamin Franklin

A

ELECTRIC SHOCK

41
Q

onlbserved that schizophrenia was rarely found in individuals with epilepsy (disproved though)

A

Josepf Von Meduna

42
Q

for hallucinations and delusions, as well as agitation amd aggressiveness

A

RESERPINE (RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINE) & NEUROLEPTICS

43
Q

to reduce anxiety

A

BENZODIAZEPINES

44
Q

precursor of psychosocial treatment

A

PLATO

45
Q

treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible in a setting that encouraged and reinforced normal social interaction, thus providing them with many opportunities for appropriate social and interpersonal contact

A

MORAL THERAPY

46
Q

campaigned endlessly for reform in the treatment of insanity and to improve the standards of care

A

DOROTHEA DIX

47
Q

MENTAL HYGIENE MOVEMENT

A

DOROTHEA DIX

48
Q

suggested that the problems of his patients were caused by undetectable fluid found in all living organisms called ANIMAL MAGNETISM which could become blocked

A

FRANZ ANTON MESMER

49
Q

Father of hypnosis

A

ANTON FRANZ MESMER

50
Q

demonstrated that some techniques of mesmerism were effective with a number of psychological disorders, and he diduch to legitimise the fledgling practice of hypnosis

A

JEAN-MARTIN CHARCOT

51
Q

first proponent of ego psychology

A

ANNA FREUD

52
Q

focused on a theory of the formations of self-concept and the crucial attributes of the self that allow an individual to progress toward health or to develop neurons

A

HEINZ KOHUT

53
Q

the study of how children incorporate the images, the memories, and the values of a person who was important to them and to whom they were emotionally attached with

A

OBJECT RELATIONS

54
Q

collective unconscious

A

CARL JUNG

55
Q

feelings if inferiority and striving for superiority/ success

A

ALFRED ADLER

56
Q

Person-Centered Therapy

A

CARL ROGERS

57
Q

a student of Watson’s that thought if fear can be learned then it could also be unlearned or extinguished

A

MARY COVER JONES

58
Q

individuals were gradually introduced to the feared objects or situations so that their fear could extinguished

A

SYSTEMATIC DESENTIZATION

59
Q

4 D’S OF ABNORMALITIES

A

DEVIANCE, DISTRESS, DYSFUNCTION, DANGER

AB PSYCH SINAG'S (5 decks)

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