Changing Urban Areas Flashcards
Name 5 land use zones of a city
CBD (central business district)
Inner city
Inner suburbs
Outer suburbs
Rural urban fringe
What is the land used for in the CBD
Shops and offices, centre of commerce and entertainment. Convergence of roads, bus routes and railways
What are the buildings like in the CBD
Land values are very high so building up makes use of expensive space. High buildings such as sky scrapers are located here
Why is CBD located here
Usually in the centre of the city so that it is easy to cluster functions in one small space. The CBD is often pedestrianised
What is land used for in the inner city and what are buildings like
Residential purposes, in the past some factories may have been located here
It mainly has terraced buildings in a grid like structure
Why is the inner city located here
Located next to CBD as houses were originally built to house factory workers who worked in inner city factories
What is land in suburbs used for and what are the buildings typically like
Suburbs tend to have a residential land use. Suburban houses are usually larger than terraced inner city houses and have gardens. Typically detached or semi-detached houses with roads around then arranged in cul-de-sacs and wide avenues
Why are the suburbs located here
Often have commuters who need access to CBD along main roads and railways and they are also with easy reach of country side
What is land used for in industry zones and what are the buildings like?
Land used for industry. Buildings here are older and will be surrounded by housing which originally would have accommodated their workers.
Why is industrial zone located here
Older industries are found in the inner cities as the city has grown around them.
More modern industrial zones are found on the outskirts as they rely on motorway transport to bring in raw materials and the workers to distribute the finished products.
What is land used for in rural-urban fringe
Common for this area to have a mixture of land uses such as some housing, golf courses, allotments, business parks and airports
What are buildings like in rural urban fringe
Detached houses with gardens, recycling facilities with park and ride facilities.
Why is rural urban fringe located here
Great competition for land. Large space available in the countryside attractive to prospective developers as well as people who are seeking a rural lifestyle. However conservationists want to protect this land from development, thus leading to conflict.
Name the challenges of living in an MEDC area
Housing
Traffic
Cultural issues
Define gentrification
This is the process where people with higher incomes buy properties and renovate them to live in themselves.
Define settlement
A place where people live and which provides services and places of employment and entertainment
Define settlement function
Role preformed by a settlement. A function of one part of the settlement might be to provide housing, or employment
Define urban planning scheme
Plans, usually on a large scale, for changing parts of a settlement. Sometimes these change the use of an area from a former industrial area to housing or commercial uses.
Define Urban regeneration
The improvement of an urban area through rebuilding, restoration or removal of pollution
Define shanty town
A characteristic of LEDC cities; an area within them of unplanned poor quality housing which lacks basic services like clean water.
What are the main problems with housing in the inner city
Often terraced hosing built over 100 years ago therefore built without the thought of cars so no space to park them.
Bathrooms not installed inside the house
Don’t have cavity walls so need renovation to prevent damp
Electrical fixtures and double glazed windows would need to be installed
Roofs made of heavy slate, and they to may need regular attention to keep them from leaking
What are the advantages of gentrification
The area can be improved in appearance with more wealthy residents improving properties
Smart shops, cafes and bars often open with influx in wealth
Old buildings are preserved and maintained
The street scape can be improved with the planting of trees and new facilities
New businesses, often multinational chains move in
What are the disadvantages of gentrification
The sense of community can be undermined for the original residents.
Original residents would prefer a small corner shop as opposed to a new cafe
Gentrification leads to pricing people out of the area as the price of renting or buying properties increases
Differences between wealthy new comers and relatively poor original residents may lead to resentment
Small businesses and low-income families move out
Why are traffic issues a problem in the inner city
Inner city areas were built before cars, therefore there is no space for cars leading to congestion in the inner city.