Changing Places Flashcards
Place-What?
A location with meaning. Places can be meaningful to individuals in ways which are personal or subjective. Places can also be meaningful at a social or cultural level and these meanings are shared by different groups or people
Physical Characteristics-What?
The landscape and/or natural features of a place eg: Mountains
Human Characteristics-What?
How the land is used, man made structures, types of people who are in that place
Sense of Place-What?
The subjective and emotional attachment of people to a place. This is usually via personal experience and knowledge of an area
Location-What?
Where a place is
Locale-What?
The place where something happens or is set. Certain events may be associated with this place
Attachment-What?
Our knowledge and understanding of a place, a depth of feeling
Intensity of Experience-What?
The more enjoyable an experience , or feeling of safety, the greater the intensity
Insider-What?
Someone who knows a place well and is familiar with it
Outsider-What?
Someone who doesn’t know a place well, or someone who is marginalised
Reasons for feeling like an Outsider
A person could feel like an outsider in a place due to their:
- Religion
- Colour
- Age
- Nationality
- Sexual Orientation
- Disability
- Social Status
- Gender
Case Study-UK Segregation
In the UK, White Britons are leaving areas where they think they are the minority. The majority of these areas are urban areas. They are moving to rural areas
Case Study-UK Segregation-“The Ambridge Effect”
When an minority advances into a white majority area. This makes the whites feel like an outsider, and they move to where they feel like an insider
Case Study-UK Segregation-Causes of Segregation
- Whites leaving minority owned areas
- The “Open Door” immigration policy
- Some immigrants not conforming to social norms
- The opposition to the idea of a “Multicultural Society”
- Politics
Case Study-UK Segregation-Conflicts and Changes due to Segregation
- Shops that cater for the minority
- The “Us” and “Them” mentality
- The rise of Right Wing Populism
Globalisation-What?
The process by which national economies, societies and cultures have become increasingly integrated through the global network of trade,communication,transportation and immigration
Types of Globalisation
There are three types of globalisation:
- Economic
- Social
- Political
How Economic Globalisation Will Affect a Place
More global companies will be allowed into a area. This will make the place more similar to other places
How Social Globalisation Will Affect a Place
The area and culture of a place will become “Westernised”. This will make the place more similar to other places
How Political Globalisation Will Affect a Place
Western style democracies will be brought into a place. This will bring democracy into a place. It will also allow companies to enter a country, which will make the place more similar to other places
Impacts of Globalisation on a place
The main impact of globalisation on a place is that the place will become similar to other places. This process is known as Homogenisation
Perception of Place-What?
The way in which place is viewed or regarded by people. This can be influenced by media representation or via personal experience
Character of Place-What?
These are the physical and human features which distinguish one place from other
Categories of Place-Types
There are 4 different categories that places that be categorized into:
- Near Places
- Far Places
- Experienced Places
- Media Places
Near Place-What?
Places that when in, an individual feels safe, familiar and homelike
Far Places-What?
Places that are seen as foreign or different. The individual does not feel safe or see this places as familiar or homelike
Experienced Places-What?
Places that we have been to and experienced
Media Place-What?
A place whose representation comes from the media
Topophila-What?
The love of or emotional connections with a place or physical environment
Topophobia-What?
The hatred of a place or physical environment
Genius Loci-What?
The special atmosphere of a particular place
Why can we be attracted to fictional places?
We have a strong sense of what these places are like, and they cannot be ruined as we cannot visit them as they do not exist
Endogenous Factors-What?
Internal factors that help shape the character of a place. These can be physical geographical features as well as human features
Exogenous Factors-What?
External factors that help shape the character of a place. These are generally the relations that a place has with other places that affect its characteristics
Types of Flows
The 4 most common flows are
- Resources
- People
- Ideas
- Money and Investment
Flow of Resources-What?
Raw materials, transport or infrastructure
How does Flow of Resources affect the character of place?
As the area builds new transport links, the place will become more connected to other places
Flow of People-What?
Migrants or workers come from outside of a place to work and/or live
How does Flows of People affect the character place?
As the area gains new people, the place will become more multicultural as it is full of different cultures
Flows of Ideas-What?
Urban planners, architects, businesses and artists may shape and change a place
How does Flow of Ideas affect the character of place?
As the shape of the place changes, it may become different. There is a risk that it might become homogenised. The locals won’t like this, and may move out
Flow of Money and Investment-What?
Investment from a business based outside the area
How does Flow of Money and Investment affect the character of place?
As the area is invested in and gains money, this increases the economy of the area and crates jobs for the area
Placelessness -What?
The notion that a place could!d be anywhere as it lacks uniqueness
Clone Towns -What?
Urban retail areas dominated by national and in some cases international chain shops. In clone towns, there will be little unique character and independent shops
Why are Clone Towns an Issue-Businesses
Small independent businesses are lost as more chain stored enter an area
Why are Clone Towns an Issue-Choice
The amount of choice was reduced as chain stored only stock limited lines
Why are Clone Towns an Issue-Power
The chain stored had too much power and treated suppliers unfairly
Why are Clone Towns an Issue-CBD
Many chain stored relocated to our of town retail parks, this damaged the Central Business District and increased prices,congestion and pollution in the rural urban fringe
Why are Clone Towns an Issue-Identity
Regional identity reduced as all supermarkets stocked the same food and products
Case Study -Totnes and Costa Coffee
The town of Totnes did not want Costa Coffee to be located in the town
Case Study -Totnes and Costa Coffee-Why did Totnes Oppose Costa Coffee
- Threat to local cafe’s
- Already has 42 places that well coffee
- Could damage local tourism and economy
- Totnes have a tradition of being independent
- Totnes has the lowest % of chain stored in the UK
How can we be connected to a place?
We can be connected to a place via:
- Family
- Friends
- Visits
- Culture
- Media
What can connections between a place do?
Connections between one place to another can cause a number of changes to a location. Due to the complex nature of these changes, it can often cause conflict
The Process of Change
The type of change is due to the cause of the change (e.g.Volcanic eruption causes people to leave the area and go somewhere else). This changes creates a conflict, which needs to be resolved
Types of Change
There are 5 main types of change:
- Demographics
- Social
- Cultural
- Economic
- Environmental
Types of Change-Demographics
A change in the make-up of an area
Types of Change-Social
A change in the people there