Changing Places Flashcards
what is a sense of place
sense of place is a combination of unique qualitiesd and characteristics that make a location special
what is locale
a place where something happens or is set or that has particular event associated with it e.g Glastonbury
what is the location of glastonbury
in the county of somerset, located 23 miles south of bristol
what is the sense of place for glastonbury
Glastonbury is a place of great spiritual importance for people interested in paganism religious connections or the king arthur affiliation. for many others, glastonbury envolves emotions about the internationally famous musci festival which takes [place most years at worthy farm in pilton on the edge of glastonburywhat
what are endogenous factors
these are the characteristics of the place itself or factors which have originated internally. They are the local place factors and include location, topography, physical geography, land use, built envrioment and infrastructure, demographic and economic characteristics too
what are exogenous factors
factors from outside a place that force a change i a places character e.g relationships with other places
what are endogenous factors which can contribute to the characteristics of a place
location, topography, physical geography, land use, built environment, infrastructure, demographic and economic
what are exogenous factors contributing to the character of a place
place, capital, resources, ideas,
STRATFORD EXAMPLE
what are the demographic changes
-the town has 11.1% residents born outside the uk compared with 6.2% in the district
-number of 0-15 year olds has remained broadly similar with only a 1.3% decrease
-overall population grew by 8.1% in 10 years
-the percentage of over 65 has increased by 31%
-93.6% of the population are white english down by 3%
-number of people originating from poland up from less than 0.15 IN 2001 AND 0.95 in 2011
what are the economic changes
-two thirds of jobs advertised were in personal care, sales and customer service
-manager roles have reduced by 5%
-lone parent households has increased from 3.9% to 4.91%
-housing tenure 66% in stratford which is lower than district
-socially rented housing - 11.8% same as district
-20% of housing is flats in stratford compared to 9.2% in district
-manufacturing decline from 27% between 1999 and 2004
CHIPPING CAMPDEN
what are the demographics and economic changes in campden
2540 population
-8% of children living in poverty
-overall crime rate is lower than average
-1% of households lack central heating
-19% of people have limiting long term illness
-19% have no qualifications
-29% of people ages 16-17 are in full time employment
- 11% of households have no car
what are the demographics of the uk compared to campden
-19% living in poverty
-3% households lacking central heating
-18% people have a limiting long teem illness
-22% have no qualifications
-39% aged 16-17 are in full time employment
-26% of households have no car
what is the location of chipping campden
chipping campden is in england in the county of gloucestershire in the cotsworld district, which is just west of the midlands. it is located 50 miles south of birmingham and 26 miles from cheltenham. the latititude is 52.04 degrees north and the longitude of 1.78 west
what is the locale of campden
it is a traditional market town and has a weekly market sales and was one of the most important of the medieval wool towns. it is home to many attractions such as the cotsworld way stretching over 100 miles through the cotsworld countryside, rustic country inns like the eight bells which dates back to the 14 the century and the traditional market sqaure in the centre of town and has country festivals like the csmpden literature festival. the campden music festival, robert dovers olympic games and the scutterbooke wake, it also has a local bus service
what is the sense of place for campden
the cotsworld market town is a town with tradtional country life. consisting of historic buildings and thatched housing composed of oolitic limestone which dates back to the 17th century, like the hicks market hall giving a unique character and charming character.
hicks market hall
a 400 year old market hall decribed as ‘outstanding , lovely and beautiful’ by the national trust
campdens endogenous factors
-the elevation of campden is 143m
-there is a small river located called the river cam (stemming 12 miles) and flows eastwards into the gloucester and sharpness canal
-the land use is mainly agriculture and cattle farming and grazing, this is mainly sheep. there is also commercial along the high street and of settlements around the outskirts
-there is a local bus service and a 86% 1/2 mile rail network that is 1 mile east of chipping campden which runs between oxford and hereford
-it is classed an an area of outstanding natural beauy and is land protected by the countryside and rights of way act 2000. it protects the land to conserve and enhance its nautral beauty
what are the historical factors of campden
-William grevel built grevel house in 1380, william grevel the son of a local man and financier to king richard the 2nd and become of campdens most successful and influential wool merchants, the house he built is one of the oldest houses built in cmapden today and still stands - showing good manafacturing
-robert calf introduced the architecture of chimneys and built the woolstaplers hall on the opposite side of the high street shows how campden has become collecting point for fleece which was later sold to flemish (belgium) and italian clothiers served for hundreds of years meaning campden therefore became famous from the fleece
-fir baptist hicks brought wealth into the area an he was one of the most important wool merchants and acquired his wealth through lending money to king james the 1st and spent much ion the development and improvement of the town such as financing the build of the market hall
-the woodward family 1719 were a family of builders and stone mason and built many of the towns buildings and were responsible for the shaping of the architecture visually through the use of ‘golden stone’ being attractive to look at and shaped chipping campden visually
wool trade as the key economy
- in the 14th and 15th century campden thrived in the wool industry and became known as ‘wool town’
-it became one of the wealthiest parts of the country due to the large output of high quality wool
-the open field system supportted lots of flocks over the hills and the cotsworld sheep became the foundation of the english wool trade with europe (international)
-this caused a high demand due to 50% of all englands economy wwas down to wool trade and which is why campden was so successful
-the wool trade ended due to camdpen not being able to supply and support the large scale clothes industry due to the lack of an adequate water supply, but it became increasingly profitable to supply meat
how has campdens economy developed over time
wool - silk - meat - tourism
REPRESENTATIONS OF LOCAL PLACE
Film: The centuries between
Context: short film in the 1940s about a rural community whose small , privatley owned gas works goes into liquidation, throwing inhabitants back on more primitive methods of heating and cooking
how is place represented in this source? : through rural community and a close knit community
Artist: Liam O Farrell
Context: outsider who tries to make himself an insider and uses a insider perspective to influence his work. commisioned to paint anything about chipping campden and chose the market hall
how is place represented in this source? : market hall, faceless people to promote and create focus on the landscape and architecture around (rolling hills and ooilitic limestone)
how does the image compare to census statistics? : suggestions of older houses meaning it links with the high fuel poverty due to lack of insulation. people spend more than 10% heating their house
Artist: Alan Tyers
Context: tyrers paintings have a simplified realism and romantic decorative quality, depicting his favourite subjects of the english countryside, particularly Warwickshire and the cotsworlds
how is place represented in this source: rolling hills in all its beauty, sheep included showing economic history of the town, focuses on the topography of the rolling hills and endogenous factors
Artists: Shelly Perkins
Context: the card focuses on the designed iconic curved high street and the cotsworld limestone and features through the architecture and creates this focus through either side of the pitcher being green space n
how is place represented in this source: curved high street, ooilitic limestone, buildings such as the market hall
what are the summarised endogenous factors of campden
Climate: Temporate british climate
Topography: ooilitic limestone, rolling hills, river cam which is 12 miles long and flows eastwards into Gloucester
People: older wealthy population with few middle aged with a general white population
Economy: wool - silk - meat - tourism: campden made it wealth through wool trade in the 15th century, in the middle ages
what are the summarised exogenous factors of campden?
BRI: hedgehog bus for older generation to travel to different villages (village hopper)
Goverment initiatives: no major initiatives which has allowed campden to withhold its ‘character’ and history
outside influence of national trust has proetcted buildings and it being marked as a AONB
global economy: the best wool you can get in the world and today the global economy is coming from tourism
what are the characteristic changes over time?
Social: seen a change in jobs from market traders and farming to service economy and hospitality
-increase in pensioner population
-fuel poverty is seen due to old buildings having poor insulation
-barriers to housing to afford to live in campden
Economic: wool - silk - meat - tourism
-price increase due to toursim and second homes from city people particularly londoners which increases prices
Enviromental: what is required?
-more parks are needed
-more allotments
-more cemetery space due to the aging population
facts and stats about campden
limiting long term illness:
Campden: 19% UK average: 18%
Worklessness:
Campden: 4% UK average: 7%
Claiming benefits:
Campden: 6% UK average: 13%
Fuel poverty:
Campden: 8.4% UK average: 11.1%
(high for a wealthy area)
what is physical geography which affects the characters of a place?
physical geography: relief, height, aspect, drainage etc
what is demographics and economics which affects the character of a place?
levels of homeownership, ethnicity, age, employment etc
