Changing places Flashcards
How would you describe place ?
- Location
- Locale
- Sense of place
- The uniqueness of a place
What is location ?
‘Where’ a place is
What is locale ?
Takes into account the effect that people have on their setting. A place is shaped by the people, cultures and cutsoms within it.
What is sense of place ?
The subjective and emotional attachment people have to a place. This may be completely different when looked at from a different perspective.
What is place ?
Places can be meaningful to individuals in ways that are personal or subjective. Places can also be meaningful at a social or cultural level and these meanings may be shared by different groups of people.
What are the 3 approaches to a place ?
- A descriptive approach
- A social constructionist approach
- A phenomenological approach
What is the descriptive approach ?
The world is a set of places and each place can be studied and is distinct.
What is the social constructionist approach ?
Where you see place as a product of a particular set of social processes occurring at a particular time.
What is the phenomenological approach ?
Not interested in the unique characteristics of a place or why it was constructed. Instead it is interested in how an individual person experiences a place, recognising a highly personal relationship between place and person.
What is localism ?
An affection for or emotional ownership of a particular place. Localism rarely manifests itself in a political sense but can be demonstrated in ‘nimbyism’ which occurs when people are reluctant to have their local area affected by development.
What is regionalism ?
Consciousness of, and loyalty to, a distinct region with a population that shares similarities.
What is nationalism ?
Loyalty and devotion to a nation, which creates a sense of national consciousness.
What is homogenisation ?
The process of making things uniform or similar leading to places becoming indistinct from one another.
What is a ‘clone town’ ?
Settlements where the high street is dominated by chain stores.
What is placelessness ?
The loss of uniqueness of a place in the cultural landscapes so that one place looks like the next.
What is globalisation ?
National economies, societies and cultures have become increasingly integrated through the global network of trade, communication, transportation and immigration.
What is glocalisation ?
Products or services that are distributed globally but which are fashioned appeal to the consumers of a local market.
What is an example of glocalisation ?
The McDonald’s franchise. There are 36,000 McDonald’s restaurants in over 100 countries around the world, but the aim to increase profits as led to the company adapting ints brand and product to the local market place.
What is an insider perspective ?
Having a familiar, welcome and safe perspective.
What is an outsider perspective ?
Having an unfamiliar, unwelcome and excluded perspective.
What is a far place ?
geographically, emotionally distant
What is a near place ?
geographically, emotionally near.
What is an experienced place ?
Places that an individual has spent time in
What is a media place ?
Places where individuals have only read about or seen on film.
What is the character of a place ?
A place that refers to the physical and human features that help to distinguish it from another place.
What are endogenous factors ?
The characteristics of the place itself. This would include aspects such as location, physical geography, land use and social and economic characteristics such as population size and employment rates.
What are exogenous factors ?
The relationship of one place with other places and the external factors which affect this. The demographic, socio-economic and cultural characteristics of a place are shaped by shifting flows of people, resources, money and investment.
What is positionality ?
Factors such as gender, race, ethnicity, age, religion, politics and socio-economic status, which influences how we perceive different place.
What does belonging mean ?
Being part of a community. Belonging is increasingly seen as one of the key factors that makes a place sustainable and successful. Regeneration schemes now focus as much on the social environment as on the built environment and the work of different agencies an individuals can have a positive impact on how people feel about the place where we live.
What does well-being mean ?
The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy. Individuals may have different views about what makes a place great. There are certain features which are generally accepted to be more important in promoting happiness and well-being within a place, but different factors will be more important to different groups of individuals.
What affects the character of a place ?
Physical geography > relief, altitude, soil + rock type
Demographic factors > population size + structure (age + gender) and ethnicity
Location > urban or rural, proximity to other settlements, main roads and physical features
The built environment > land use, age and type of housing, building density, building materials
Political factors > the role and strength of local councils and/or resident groups
Mobility of the population for leisure and work
Cultural factors > heritage, religion, language
Socio-economic factors
What are the impacts of de-industrialisation on the character of the place ?
Change to the economic structure of places and this has led to unemployment and urban decline in cities with a traditional manufacturing base.
Mining steel and shipbuilding towns have had to adapt to the challenges posed by globalisation. The increasing mobility of people has also affected place and this can sometimes lead to conflict.
