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Geography > Changing Economic World > Flashcards

Changing Economic World Flashcards

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1
Q

Affordable Housing

A

Housing that is built and sold at a discounted price for those eligible and in need such as key workers.

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2
Q

Ageing population

A

When a countries population is dominated by older age groups and the average age is high.

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3
Q

Aid

A

Money, goods or services freely given by HIC’s to LIC and NEE’s to support development.

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4
Q

Birth Rate

A

The number of children born per 1000 people in the population each year.

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5
Q

Brexit

A

The British exit form the European union in 2020.

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6
Q

Business Park

A

An area of land occupied by a number of businesses.

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7
Q

Common wealth

A

A group of mostly former British colonial countries that have strong political and economic ties.

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8
Q

Containerisation

A

A system of transporting and storing goods globally by using standard sized containers and container ships.

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9
Q

Counter urbanisation

A

The movement of people out of towns and cities to the surrounding countryside.

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10
Q

Deathrate

A

The number of people that die per 1000 people in the population per year.

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11
Q

Debt relief

A

When an HIC cancels the debt owed to it by an LIC as an act of kindness and to support development.

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12
Q

De-industrialisation

A

The decline of industry within a country or region as a result of exhausted raw materials, loss of markets or overseas competition.

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13
Q

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A

A model that shows how the birth and death rate as well as total population changes in a country overtime.

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14
Q

Dependency Ratio

A

A ratio of the number of dependents (children and the retired) for every 100 people who work.

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15
Q

Deprivation

A

When an area lacks the services, amenities and employment to provide the population with their basic needs.

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16
Q

Dereliction

A

Abandoned buildings and wasteland usually within urban areas.

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17
Q

Development

A

The economic and social progress and improvement of a country.

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18
Q

ECOWAS

A

The economic community of west African states - a trading group of countries that includes Nigeria.

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19
Q

Enterprise Zones

A

An area in which government incentives such as tax concessions are offered to encourage businesses to invest.

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20
Q

European Union

A

An economic union of 27 European states with free trade, common tariffs, economic policy and currency.

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21
Q

Fairtrade

A

Trade that means the producer receives a fair price for their product regardless of the world market price.

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22
Q

Free Trade

A

Trade between countries without tariffs (taxes on imports and exports)

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23
Q

Gentrification

A

When a rundown area is improved as wealthier people move in and invest in housing and spend money locally.

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24
Q

Ghost Village

A

A rural village that becomes very quiet during weekdays as people commute away for work.

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25
Q

Globalisation

A

The process of creating a more connected world, with increases in the global movements of goods and people.

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26
Q

Grey Pound

A

Money spent in the economy by the elderly population.

27
Q

Gross national population (GNI) per capita

A

The total amount of money a country earns divided by the population - shows average income.

28
Q

Highly Indebted Poor country (HIPC)

A

A small group of LICs that have borrowed so much money that they cannot pay it off.

29
Q

Human Development Index (HDI)

A

A composite measure of development that considers the wealth, health and education of a country.

30
Q

Industrial development

A

The growth of manufacturing in a country’s economy leading to a multiplier effect & development.

31
Q

Inequality

A

Unequal and/or unjust distribution of resources and opportunities among members of a given society.

32
Q

Infant Mortality rate

A

The number of infants who die in their first year per 1000 babies born.

33
Q

Informal Economy

A

A mix of economic activities, enterprises, jobs, and workers that are not regulated or protected by the state.

34
Q

Infrastructure

A

Refers to the built environment. This includes buildings and transport, as well as electricity, gas, water and sanitation connections.

35
Q

Intermediate technology

A

Technology suitable for use in developing countries, typically making use of locally available resources.

36
Q

Investment

A

When companies or countries spend money in other countries for economic gain.

37
Q

Local Enterprise Partnerships

A

A partnership between local authorities and businesses to create economic growth and create local jobs through investment projects.

38
Q

Life expectancy

A

How long the average person is expected to live from birth.

39
Q

Loan

A

When a bank or a country lends money and expects it to be repaid in time with added interest.

40
Q

Malaria

A

An often deadly tropical disease spread through infected bites from the mosquito.

41
Q

Microfinance Loans

A

Very small loans provided to those living in poverty to help support their business.

42
Q

Migration

A

Movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location.

43
Q

Multiplier effect

A

The snowballing of economic activity as it starts to grow.

44
Q

Natural increase

A

A growth in the population when the birth rate is naturally higher than the death rate.

45
Q

Newly Emerging economy

A

Countries that have begun to experience high rates of economic development, usually with rapid industrialisation.

46
Q

Non governmental organisation

A

A non profit, often charitable, organisation that helps support development within a country.

47
Q

North - south divide

A

Economic and cultural differences between southern England and northern England.

48
Q

Population Pyramid

A

A type of bar graph that shows the age and sex structure of a population.

49
Q

Population Structure

A

How a population is divided into different groupings - most commonly by age.

50
Q

Poverty

A

When a person does not have enough material possessions or income to meet their basic needs.

51
Q

Post Industrial

A

When a country’s economy moves on from being highly industrial towards a more service dominated economy.

52
Q

Primary Industry

A

The sector of the economy that extracts and sells raw materials.

53
Q

Quality of Life

A

The level of health, happiness and comfort that an individual or group experience.

54
Q

Quota

A

A limit on the number of something - in this instance on the number of goods that can be traded between countries.

55
Q

Refugee

A

A refugee is someone who is forced to flee their country because of persecution, war or violence.

56
Q

Science Park

A

A collection of scientific and technical knowledge-based businesses located on a single site.

57
Q

Secondary Industry

A

The second sector of the economy focused on the manufacturing of products from raw materials.

58
Q

Tertiary Industry

A

The third sector of the economy comprised of service based jobs.

59
Q

Standard of living

A

Level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class.

60
Q

Sustainability

A

Progress that meets the needs of the current population without compromising the ability of the future population to meet their needs.

61
Q

Tariff

A

A government tax on imports (or exports)

62
Q

Trading group

A

A group of countries with at minimum a free trade agreement but can include further cooperation via economic union.

63
Q

Youthful Population

A

When a country’s population is dominated by younger age groups and the average age is young.

Geography (9 decks)

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