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Geography > Changing Climate > Flashcards

Changing Climate Flashcards

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1
Q

How do we know about climate change in the past?

A
  • ice cores (more co2 is hotter)
  • tree rings
  • fossils
  • paintings
  • newspapers
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2
Q

What happened during the little ice age?

A
  • lasted from 15th century to 19th century
  • crops did not grow well
  • winters were cold and summers were short
  • more hunting had to happen
  • different crops had to be grown
  • due to natural climate change
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3
Q

What is evidence of the little ice age?

A
  • diaries
  • newspapers
  • paintings
  • tree rings
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4
Q

What was the impacts of climate change on megafauna?

A
  • they had evolved during ice age to survive colder temperatures
  • when ice age ended temperatures rose 5 degrees in 10000 years
  • they couldn’t adapt and became extinct at the end of the quaternary period
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5
Q

What are natural causes of climate change?

A
  • earths orbit
  • sun spots
  • volcanic ash
  • ocean current changes
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6
Q

What is the difference between climate and weather?

A

Weather: state of atmosphere at a particular time and place
Climate: long-term state of the atmosphere at a particular location

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7
Q

How may climate change in the UK be a result of human activity?

A
  • burning fossil fuels
  • factories increasing
  • driving cars
  • CFCs from aerosols and fridges (enhanced greenhouse effect)
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8
Q

What are the different greenhouse gases?

A
  • carbon dioxide
  • methane
  • nitrous oxide
  • water vapour
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9
Q

How are CO2 and CH4 released into the atmosphere?

A

CO2- volcanic eruptions, respiration, decomposition, fuel combustion
CH4- decomposition, melting of permafrost, animal waste/gas

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10
Q

Why are greenhouse gases important?

A

They keep the earths surface a lot hotter than it would be and human life would not be possible

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11
Q

What are reasons for changing climate in the UK?

A
  • pressure systems (low pressure from west makes lots of rainfall)
  • altitude(the higher the colder)
  • distance from sea(near=warm in winter cool in summer)
  • latitude(North is cold)
  • prevailing wind(south west moist warm)
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12
Q

How is extreme weather in the UK affecting people?

A

FLOODS-damage homes/buildings, contaminated water supplies, death, disrupt transport
DROUGHT-hose pipe bans,crop failure
HIGH TEMP- more crops can grow, railway lines will buckle, death by heat

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13
Q

How can we reduce negative impacts of extreme climate change in the UK?

A
  • preparing- flood defences and education
  • planning- emergency services should know all procedures
  • warning- give people time to prepare
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14
Q

What has caused global warming?

A
  • increase in human activities like burning fossil fuels, intensive farming and deforestation
  • greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere
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15
Q

Why are impacts of global warming to people?

A
  • economic: farming will perish or flourish
  • social: malnutrition/starvation/death from perishing crops
  • environmental: rising sea levels/habitats lost/desertion
  • politic: competition over resources may lead to war/ increased immigration
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16
Q

What are some responses to global warming?

A

International- Kyoto protocol aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, each country is set a target
National- transport strategies, tax on polluting vehicles and factories
Local- conserving energy/recycling/congestion charging

17
Q

What are possible impacts of future climate change in the UK?

A
  • average temperature rise
  • less predictable rainfall
  • changing seasons
18
Q

Why will climate change in the UK?

A
  • North Atlantic current likely to move(less rainfall and reduce sea temp)
  • more air masses will come from North(storms+extreme cold in winter)
  • paths of depression may be altered
19
Q

What are some environmental impacts of climate change in the UK?

A
  • sea levels rise/loss of costal land/increased erosion/flooding
  • more severe storms and droughts
  • ecosystem change(plants and animals move+new species emerge)
  • warmer temperatures could encourage diseases like malaria
20
Q

What are some economical impacts of climate change in the UK?

A
  • increase in refugees
  • farmers can grow different crops
  • people have more holidays in UK
  • damage from floods is expensive
  • flood defence is expensive
21
Q

What environmental impacts would climate change have on Bangladesh?

A
  • more river flooding
  • tropical storms more frequent and move further inland
  • more droughts
22
Q

What are economic impacts of climate change in Bangladesh?

A
  • sea rise can reduce farm/agricultural land
  • repairing destroyed homes
  • intense storms cause damage to infrastructure
  • land too salty to grow crops
  • increase spread of waterborne diseases

Geography (18 decks)

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