Change Chap 10 Flashcards
The seven ways of managing change
Changing from Controller Manager to Facilitator Manager
Employee Empowerment
Job Enrichment/Job Enlargement/Job Rotation
Employee Participation
Teamwork
Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management (TQM)
Technology
What is the changing role of management
For a business to compete it must be managed efficiently.
In changing business environment, role and attitude of management has to change with the times.
Management must respond quickly to new situations.
Explain a controller manager
They control employees by laying down rigid rules and ensuring that they are obeyed.
They do no ask for employee’s opinions.
They think their job is to catch out employees.
Things done the way the manager wants but prevents workers using their full talents and all responsibility for managing change is on the manager.
Explain facilitator manager
They recognise that employees contribute a lot to the firm - listen to their opinions. Employees are rewarded for good work.
Managers help employees when they make a mistake and ensure they have everything they need to do their jobs better.
Managers freed from a lot of routine decision-making.
The business is able to respond more flexibly to change
Define employee empowerment
Manager gives employee power to make their own decisions about how they do their job without asking manager’s permission. Employees take ownership of their jobs and take a personal interest in improving the performance of the business.
They use their skills as they see fit to do their job to the best of their ability
What must an employee empowerment programme include?
A facilitator-style management which provides training, support and encouragement.
Careful supervision.
Extra rewards.
Explain the benefits of employee empowerment
Makes best use of employees skills- not used to carry out mundane tasks,innovative and creative
Better service to customers- employee has power, no waiting for manager. Impressed that first first they talk to solves their problems.
Enables firm to respond to and create change.
Enhances job satisfaction and higher motivation-esteem needs satisfied and gives them control over work
More time for manager- Consult with managers less. Can solve more important matters
Explain the disadvantages of employee empowerment
Demoralised workers may not want extra responsibilities and get stressed and demotivated.
Mistakes due to lack of training, poor attitude or inadequate supervision- cost business money
Disgruntled middle managers whose power and role have been taken away.
Employees may confuse empowerment with authority to do what they want. May take it too far and conflict arises. Worse manager employee relations
Define job rotation
Moving employees regularly from one task to another. This builds up their range of skills and increases motivation by reducing boredom.
Define Job enlargement
Giving people extra responsibilities to make their job more challenging and interesting.
Define Job enrichment
Giving employees not only more responsibilities but also the freedom to make their own decisions about them.
What is employee participation and how is it done
Involves Giving employees more of a say in the running of the business. This can be done with: Worker Councils Worker Directors Share Options
Explain the Benefits of Employee Participation
Increased Motivation- feel more important to business, they have a say and esteem need are satisfied-happier
New Ideas and Creativity - useful solutions to businesses problems. Intrapreneurship
Improved Industrial Relations- improved communication, problems more likely to be solved through negotiation in spirit of cooperation.
Explain teamwork
Teamwork refers to a group of people working co-cooperatively toward shared objectives.
What are the stages in teamwork
Forming, Storming , Norming and performing
Explain forming as a stage in teamwork
Team members meet for the first time and are polite to each other.
They discuss the job at hand
Do not reveal too much about each other
Explain storming as a stage in teamwork
Team members get to know each other, conflict may arise
Strong personalities emerge and so argument can occur
Explain norming as a stage in teamwork
Conflict is resolved, team members start working together
Team members start to trust each others
Agree on leader and everyone’s roles
Explain performing as a stage in teamwork
Team members work together successfully and reach their shared objectives
Co-operate with each other
Strong sense of unity in team
What are the advantages of Teams for the Business
Teams make better decisions
Teamwork increases employee motivation
Teams make better quality products
Teamwork improves co-ordination in the business
What are the advantages of Teams for the Employees
Teams satisfy employees’ social needs
Teams develop the employees’ skills
Teams protect employees
Teams offer employees recognition
What are the Disadvantages of Teamwork
Personality clashes
Getting agreement may be a slow process
Team may include people with negative attitudes
What is quality assurance?
Quality Assurance involves the business putting systems in place to make sure that each product reaches the desired level of quality and meets the requirements of customers.
Involves checking quality of product from design to it’s sale.
Aims to prevent problems by detecting them and fixing them instantly
Explain the advantages of Quality Assurance?
Products are of a high standard- customer happy with consistent quality and increase in sales
Lower Costs- improved quality means no wasting money on repairs or refunds ex: Microsoft spent $1 billion fixing flawed xbox consoles in 2007
Marketing Tool- quality award like ISO9000 arrouses customer interest. Reassuring that it is a trustworthy brand
Explain TQM
TQM is a business management strategy that aims to ensure the business makes 100% perfect products, 100% of time so customers are always satisfied.
Every employee is responsible for delivering TQM in the business.
Explain the four principles of TQM
Focus on the customer- perfect quality is defined as what the customer wants. Conducts market research as customer is most important
Employee empowerment- Requires excellent employees. Use knowledge to make products perfect.
Teamwork- Business and supplier work as team-pays for perfect goods. Employees work harder in teams
Continuous improvement- Tries to do better than last time. 100% perfect is unrealistic but must strive for that
What are the benefits of TQM
Increased sales
Lower costs
Improved motivation
Meeting legal obligations
What does TQM stand for
Total Quality Management
How has modern technology and changes in technology impacted the role of managers
Marketing Decision - making Production Redundancies Employee retention and motivation
How has modern technology and changes in technology impacted employees
Changing nature of jobs
New types of jobs
Redundancies
Teleworking (working from home)
