Change Flashcards
internal causes of change
objectives personnel (e.g new management) skill levels finances innovation
external causes of change
tech customer base economy competition gov environment globalisation
lewins 3 step change managment model
unfreeze; putting forward new ideas for change+persuade people of the idea
transition; develop new ideas, confusion+uncertainty
freeze; ensure new process reinforced
benefits of lewins model
easy and straightforward
makes it possible to identify problems
McKinsey’s 7-S model
assess internal change in business
what are McKinsey’s 7 components
strategy skills structure style systems staff shared values (overall goal of all elements together)
kotters 8 step change model
helps managers understand change, each stages show peoples response to change
what are Kotter’s 8 steps
increase urgency build team for change have vision communicate empower action (remove anything stopping change) short term wins dont let up make change stick
crisis change
change business has no control over
operational change
change in day to day running
strategic and tactical change
naturally occurs as part of business operation
setting of strategical/tactical objectives by management means change has to occur
barriers to change
self interest (threat to job security) misinformation (dont understand why change is needed) different assessment (don't think change best for busi) low tolerance (dont like change)
internal driving forces of change
profits poor efficiency lack of innovation change culture change leadership
external driving forces of change
customer competition legislation gov social values tech
who came up with drivers for change model
lewin’s force field model
