Chaney

Question 1

What did Chaney look at

Answer 1

External influences on children’s behaviour

Question 2

What type of core study is Chaneys?

Answer 2

contemporary

Question 3

Background

Answer 3

Asthma is a chronic condition that affects about 1 in 10 people. Even though there are treatments for asthma, the problem is that some people (particularly little children), do not use their inhalers correctly.

Question 4

Aim

Answer 4

to see if operant conditioning could be used to encourage children to want to use their inhalers, and when they do; use it correctly.

Question 5

What’s operant conditioning

Answer 5

Changing the likelihood of a behaviour occurring again through reinforcement & punishment

Question 6

What’s positive reinforcement

Answer 6

Encouraging a behaviour happening again by adding a reward

Question 7

What’s negative reinforcement

Answer 7

Encouraging a behaviour happening
again by removing an unpleasant stimulus

Question 8

How did the fun haler bring positive reinforcement

Answer 8

Added reward of spinner and whistle

Question 9

How did the funhaler do negative reinforcement

Answer 9

The inhaler took away the nasty asthma symptoms

Question 10

Sample

Answer 10

32 Australian kids
22 boys and 10 girls
Ages 1.5 - 6 years
Recruited from 7 paediatric or GP clinics within a 51km radius of Perth, Western
Australia. The clinics spanned differing socio-economic and geographical areas.

Question 11

Step 1 of procedure

Answer 11

Parents contacted by phone before being visited at home. Written, informed consent was obtained before they filled in a questionnaire about their child’s current inhaler spacer device (either Aerochamber or Breath-a-Tech).

Question 12

Step 2 of procedure

Answer 12

Given funhaler for child to use for 2 weeks

Question 13

Step 3 of procedure

Answer 13

After the 2 weeks, parents were contacted again and given another questionnaire to fill in (this time asking them about the Funhaler spacer device).

Question 14

What we’re the findings about behaviour

Answer 14

50% had achieved the desired 4 or more breath cycles per delivery with their previous asthma inhaler spacer device
80% achieved this with the Funhaler spacer device.

Question 15

What we’re the findings about attitudes

Answer 15

10% of parents had said they were completely happy with their
child’s previous asthma inhaler spacer device
61% of parents said this about the Funhaler spacer device.

Question 16

How does this study link to nature nurture debate

Answer 16

This study is on the nurture side of the debate as the children’s behaviour changed as a result of the new funhaler.

Question 17

How does this study link to free will v determinism debate

Answer 17

This study is on the deterministic side of the debate as the children’s asthma usage is determined by what inhaler they have at the time.

Question 18

What does this study explain (behaviourist perspective)

Answer 18

how children are learning behaviours due to operant conditioning

Question 19

What’s the key theme of the study within the behaviourist perspective

Answer 19

This study explains how the funhaler (an external influence) is changing their medical compliance

Question 20

How does study link to developmental area

Answer 20

This study is showing how children’s behaviour can change due to the experience of using a funhaler

Question 21

Similarity (sample)

Answer 21

Bandura studied children 37-69 months from Stanford Uni Nursery
Chaney studied children 1.5-6 years old suffering from asthma from around Perth, Australia

Question 22

Similarity (nurture)

Answer 22

Bandura explains how the experience of watching an aggressive model made children imitate those actions
Chaney explains how the experience of using a funhaler changed the compliance of children towards their asthma medication

Question 23

Difference (data)

Answer 23

Bandura - observation through one way mirror for 20 mins
Chaney - self report questionnaire about behaviour/attitude towards inhaler

Question 24

Difference (design)

Answer 24

Bandura - matched participants by pre testing children on 4x5 point scales of aggression
Chaney - repeated measures by giving parents questionnaires about their regular inhaler and then again after using the funhaler for 2 weeks

Question 25

What has the study shown us about the key theme

Answer 25

It has shown us that the behaviour of children can be changed by reinforcement (rather than just by observing and imitating role models)

Question 26

What have the studies not shown us about the key theme

Answer 26

About adults