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Italian unification > Challenges To Restored Order > Flashcards

Challenges To Restored Order Flashcards

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Italian Verbs flashcards
1
Q

Carbonari

A

Keen on radical action they were anti - French, fighting for constitutions, 60,000 members in Naples

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2
Q

Spillo negro

A

In the Papal States we’re anti Austrian and anti papacy

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3
Q

What percent of Italy was catholic

A

90%

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4
Q

Federati

A

Led by Milanese noblemen mainly Federico Confaloneri, they favoured constitutions but were more moderate, anti Austrian

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5
Q

What happened to the federati between 1821-23

A

Members were unmasked in bureaucracy and military and were all given death sentences.

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6
Q

What happened in France to spark 1830s revolutions

A

Revolution in France that led to Charles X abdication and new king Phillipe was more liberal, so Italians had hoped he would support them.

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7
Q

1830s Revolution in Modena and parma

A

Enrico Misley was betrayed by duke Francis which caused revolutionaries to take over with provisional governments as Francis fled, he then returned with Austrian army and crushed the revolutions

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8
Q

1830s Revolution in the Papal States

A

A revolt against the oppression of the church establishing a provisional government in Bologna with a fairer legal and finance system, this was crushed by the Austrian army.

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9
Q

Reasons for failure of the 1830s revolutions

A
  • revolutions were local not national
  • Austria had great military strength
  • lack of communication between states
  • there was no help from France
  • lack of popular support as revolutionaries were middle class secret societies
  • the revolutions were too moderate and didn’t use violence
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10
Q

Risorgimento

A

Raise awareness of a common cultural identity across Italy, national identity to unify as a nation

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11
Q

Who were the upper class writers on the Risorgimento

A

Carlo Denina, Vittorio Alfieri

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12
Q

How did Dante inspire nationalism

A

He wrote about Italy as a nation using an Italian language

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13
Q

What was the politechico from Milan

A

A journal that raised consciousness of a common culture and language among the educated classes.

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14
Q

Congresso degli scienziata

A

Held meetings in different areas of Italy whilst using a common Italian language, supported Italian nationalism

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15
Q

What did verdi do

A

He promoted anti Austrian feeling in his operas by subtlety linking them to the Austrians oppression.

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16
Q

Political apathy among working class

A

Poor people didn’t care about the political revolutions and constitutions, they only focused on day to day survival.

17
Q

When was young Italy founded

A

1831

18
Q

What was Mazzinis idea for Italy

A

Believed in radical revolution to achieve full unity of all Italy under a republic

19
Q

What were the failures for young Italy

A
  • they still lacked popular support as they were made up of middle and upper classes
  • 1833 proposed army coupe was uncovered and 12 members were executed.
  • Failed uprising in Genoa 1834 by garibaldi
  • 1844 bandiera brothers failed uprising in Calabria
20
Q

What was the view of Balbo

A

Argued for a federation of Italian states in the north led by the Piedmontese monarchy. He believed the liberation of Italy would come from above and through diplomacy with other nations

21
Q

Name of Balbos Book published in 1844

A

The Hopes of Italy

22
Q

What was the view of d’azeglio

A

He disliked Revolution realising that Charles Albert was the only one who could achieve unity with popular support and European opinions favour

23
Q

D’azeglios book

A

On recent events in romagna 1846

24
Q

What was the view of gioberti

A

Moderate approach to Italian liberty with an Italian federation under the pope - neo guelphism

25
Q

What was giobertis book

A

The primato 1843

26
Q

Pope Pius reforms

A
  • 1847 ended press censorship
  • freed 2000 political prisoners
  • reformed education and law systems
  • created elected body of advisers in the consulta
27
Q

What was the reaction of pius to Austrian occupation of Ferrara in 1847

A

Pius lodged formal protest against Austria that they infringed on Papal rights.

Italian unification (5 decks)

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