Challenges to Elizabeth at home and abroad 1569-88 Flashcards
When was the Northern Rebellion (month and year)
November 1569
Give one religious reason why the Northern nobles (Northern Rebellion) were unhappy with Elizabeth in the 1560s
Catholicism was strongest in the north of England. Wanted restoration of Catholicism under Catholic monarch. The arrival of MQS in 1568 gave them hope Elizabeth could be replaced. Hatred of Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement. Elizabeth had appointed James Pilkinton (Protestant) as Archbishop of Durham
Give one political reason why the Northern nobles were unhappy with Elizabeth in the 1560s
Saw power an influence over monarch reducing. Elizabeth preferred Protestant advisors from non-noble families. Hatred of William Cecil
Elizabeth increased her control of the north through the Council of the North- Council was controlled by Protestants. Nobles resented this
Why was the Duke of Northumberland angry with Elizabeth
Elizabeth had taken large areas of land from him and shared them between his main rival in the north and a southern Protestant. Elizabeth had also claimed all profits from copper mines discovered on his land
Name three important figures who took part in the northern rebellion
Duke of Norfolk (Queen Elizabeth’s cousin), Northumberland and Westmorland
Who did the earls want to replace Elizabeth with as queen in the Northern Rebellion
Mary Queen of Scots
In the Northern Rebellion which city did the nobles capture and what did they do at the cathedral there
Durham. Celebrated Catholic Mass
Why did the Northern Rebellion fail
○ Large royal army of 10 000 met rebels- showed support for Elizabeth
○ Little support for revolt among the majority of Catholic nobility and ordinary people - most chose to support Queen
○ Spain / Pope’s promise of military support did not happen
What happened to the nobles after they were defeated
400-600 of those involved were executed, including Northumberland although not until 1572. Others fled to Scotland / abroad
What was the impact of the Northern uprising
○Elizabeth confiscated the land of the Earls who rebelled making her stronger
○ The reorganising of the Northern Council strengthened her position
○ Norfolk was released after 9 months in the Tower of London
○ She became less tolerant of Catholics. Recusancy (not attending church) was punished more harshly
○ The Pope excommunicated Elizabeth in 1570
Wha did Pope Pius do in 1570 and how this increase the Catholic threat to Elizabeth
Papal Bull excommunicated Elizabeth I. Meant Catholics no longer had to obey her - encouraged to overthrow her
What were the aims of the Ridolfi, Throckmorton and Babington Plots
Assassinate Elizabeth I. Replace her with Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots
What year was the Ridolfi plot
1571
