Challenges of an urbanising world Flashcards
what is a megacity
a city with a population of over 10 million
what is a primate city
a city whose population is at least double that of the next biggest city in the country
what are 4 pull factors to london
employment- wide range, high pay
entertainment and culture- diverse
services- transport, health, education
uk and international transport network- access to all parts of world and country
what and when was the first megacity
new york in 1950
why do megacities grow faster in developing countries
high rate of rural-urban migration
high birth rate
what is a world city
a city that plays a disproportionate role in world affairs. main ones are london, new york and tokyo
what is urbanisation
rapid growth of an area usually in a developed country. Linked to industrialisation as more factories were built so rural migrants arrived to fill jobs
what is suburbanisation
when people move to suburbs where land is cheaper and air is cleaner eg in 20th century city centres had become crowded and polluted
what is de-industrialisation
when the industry in a city starts to decline as a result of technology change, failure to invest or competition from other countries
what is counter urbanisation
people move from cities to rural areas (1970s and 80s) led to population growth in small towns as progress in technology meant people could work from home
what is regeneration
run down inner cities are redeveloped to attract people by building shops, houses and leisure facilities eg olympic park that was brownfield beforehand
how does mumbai’s situation help aid its development
naturally deep harbour making it accessible to large modern container ships on the west coast (near middle east and europe
10km long water front
connected to rest of india via extensive road and rail network
nearer to europe than any other indian port via suez canal
what are 2 characteristics of Mumbais inner suburbs
squatter and slum settlement including Dharavi
house workers in the old textile mill area
what are characteristics of mumbai’s outer suburbs
developed in 1970s alomg mumbai’s railway
allowed commuters to travel to cbd every day
new industrial sectors developed along railway lines
what was the plan for new mumbai and how did it actually turn out
planned as a low density suburb where lower land prices would improve quality of life but as it grew industries based there because of low land prices and available labour
what is mumbai’s total population
25 million
what are 4 facts about the sanjay gandhi national park
in the north of mumbai’s peninsula
100km^2 making it the largest park inside a city
atracts 2 million visitors per year
called ‘lungs of mumbai’
what are reasons for mumbia’s underpeformance in quality of life
government is inefficent and beureaucratic
most property is rent controlled- limit is put on how high rent can be which discourages property owners from making improvements
corruption has meant areas that were supposed to be redeveloped with affordable housing has been sold to property developers
to improve informal economy conditions government would have to make laws and ensure they were obeyed
to improve services government would have to incentivise companies
what are 3 political and economic challenges of managing mumbai
squatter settlements are on valuable land that property developers would buy if poeple were moved
transport infrastucture which could help unpopular traffic is expensive
government gets no tax from informal economy
how can weather affect mumbai
it is near the equator and experiences monsoons which can cause flooding on low lying roads and traffic gets worse
what % of population live in slums
60
