Challenges Of An Urbanising World Flashcards
Effects of urbaiseation and causes of growth
Africa and Asia are expected to see the biggest rises in the next century
Most of the world largest cities are in emerging country’s
Rural to urban migration
Natural increase (death rate lower than birth )
What are mega cities and properties of them
Have over 10 million population
They have a big Influence on global politics and desision making
Some world cites play and unequal role in world affairs
They have urban privacy which means t there important and influence is greater than their size suggests
How does economic growth cause urbanisation in countries
Capital of Malawi is growing Leakey due to rural-urban migration (international migration)
New York’s knowledge attracts international migrants
Some Cities experience de industrialisation which lead to population decline in Detroit
What is the informal economy and where is it significant
Millions of people are street vendors or offer services on the street
India’s informal enconomy is huge,mostly in factories and Cronstruction where there’s less regulation
New York’s catering industry contributes to its gdp
How did New York change over time
Grew in 17th century due to deep harbour with allowed trade and immigration,Manhattan ten became suburbanised owing to subway and bridges
1950-1989 ,counter urbanisestion caused population to fall ,decking services and higher crime rate
Since 1980+ the regeneration of brownfield sites have lead to re-urbanisation
How do citites use land in 3 ways
Commercial mostly in CBD most accessible and expensive part of city
Industrial -found either in inner city or city edge
Residential-older properties found closer to centre.20th century semi detached and detached housing in suburbs
Historical context of Mumbai
Area known as Mumbai was colonised by then Portuguese then controlled passes to the British empire until it become independent in 1947
Properties of Mumbai
On an estuary where port grew
It’s well connected owing to port on west coast
Not typical of developing cities -the CBD is near the island tip surrounded by unequal residential areas
How does mumbairs structure lossleu follow that of developing cities
High quality housing in CBD only rich can afford
Low income poor quality surrounds city
Unplanned settlements spreads outwards as rural to urban migrants build on land
How did mumbai experience hyper urbanisation
Rural to urban migration -pull factors and migrants wanting higher income and education facilities
Natural increase
What random area in India’s that’s expiring urbanisesation
Dhavri Mumbai
Caused by migration of middle class from city
Unplanned settlements continue to sprawl as new migrants arrive
What are the challenges that Mumbai faces
Not enough income from tax to improve infrastructure
A weak local government
Housing shortages and growth of unplanned settlements
Air pollution and traffic congestion
Give the example of a top down investment in Mumbai.
Vision Mumbai -plan to improve the city and quality by providing cheap housing,restoring green spaces
Advantages are
New flats with piped water
300 extra public toilets
72 new Train and wider platform
Disadvantages
Apartment block breaking up communities
Rent becoming unaffordable
Water quality worsening due to sewer discharge
Give and example of bottom up in Mumbai
Lss health charity -was a charity set up to control leprosy in dhavri ,delivers education about health and carries out community work
Advantages -28000 treated in last 30 years
Play groups tan for children to help parents
Disadvantages -
It can’t reach eveyone
It relies on charity funding
