chaapter 5 exam**** Flashcards
name for bone shaft; site of yellow marrow; made of compact bone
diaphysis (yellow marrow is found in a cavity in diaphysis(medullary cavity))
anatomical name for the end of the bone; place of red marrow; made of spongy bone
epiphysis
what are the three main types of bone cells? function? location?
osteoblasts(build bones)(surface of bone, periosteum),
osteoclasts(destroy bones)(surface of the bone),
osteocytes (hold bone together)(mature bone cell)(found in bone lacunae)
which type of bone undergoes endochondral ossification?
cartilage
what is the epiphyseal plate
growth plate; site of longitudinal growth in a child
what is a compound fracture?
when the broken bone ends penetrate through the skin (open fracture)
what is a simple fracture?
when the bone breaks cleanly but does not penetrate the skin (closed fracture)
what is a complete fracture?
the bone breaks into two or more parts
what is an incomplete fracture??
the bone cracks but does not break entirely
what bones belong to the axial skeleton
the longitudinal axis of the body (skull , vertebral column, thoracic cage)
what bones belong to the appendicular skeleton?
the bones of the limbs, pectoral and pelvic girdles (they attach the limbs to the axial)
what are the eight bones of the cranium?
- 1 ethmoid bone
- 1 frontal bone
- 1 occipital bone
- 2 parietal bones
- 1 sphenoid bone
- 2 temporal bones
what are the sutures of the cranium?
- coronal suture
- squamous suture
- lambdoid suture
(others?)
what are the four curvatures of the spine from top to bottom? and how many vertebrae are in each
- cervical curvature (7 vert.)
- thoracic curvature (12 vert.)
- lumbar curvature (5 vert.)
- sacral curvature (5 fused vert.)
- coccyx (4 fused vert.)
what are the functions of your skeleton?
- support
- protection
- movement
- storage
- blood cell formation
the process of bone formation
ossification
