Ch.9 Vocab

Question 1

protection for individuals from discrimination based on race, national origin, religion, sex, etc…, enduring equal treatment under the law

Answer 1

civil rights

Question 2

an amendment to the Constitution passed In 1865 prohibiting slavery within the United States

Answer 2

13th Amendment

Question 3

an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1868 granting citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and placing restrictions on state laws that sought to abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the U.S.

Answer 3

14th Amendment & Equal Protection Clause

Question 4

an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1870 granting voting rights to African American men

Answer 4

15th Amendment

Question 5

the doctrine that racial segregation was constitutional so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal

Answer 5

separate but equal

Question 6

the separation by law of individuals based on their race

Answer 6

legal segregation

Question 7

the separation of individuals based on their characteristics such as race, intentionally, and by law

Answer 7

de jure segregation

Question 8

a separation of individuals based on their characteristics that arises not by law but because of other factors, such as residential housing patterns

Answer 8

de facto segregation

Question 9

a policy designed to address the consequences of previous discrimination by providing special consideration to individuals based upon their characteristics, such as race or gender

Answer 9

affirmative action

Question 10

large groups of citizens organizing for political change

Answer 10

social movement

Question 11

the intentional refusal to obey a law to call attention to its injustice

Answer 11

civil disobediance

Question 12

Legislation outlawing racial segregation in schools and public places and authorizing the attorney general to sue individual school districts that failed to desgregate

Answer 12

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 13

legislation outlawing literacy tests and authorizing Justice Department to send federal officers or registered voters in uncooperative cities, counties, and states

Answer 13

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 14

a 1920 constitutional amendment granting women the right to vote

Answer 14

19th Amendment

Question 15

legislation prohibiting discrimination in schools receiving federal aid, which had the impact of increasing female participation in sports programs

Answer 15

Title IX of the Higher Education Amendments of 1972