Ch.3 Vocab

Question 1

a system that divides power between the national and state governments

Answer 1

federalism

Question 2

a system where the central government has all the power over subnational governments

Answer 2

unitary system

Question 3

a system where the subnational governments have most of the power

Answer 3

confederal system

Question 4

a system where power is divided between the national and state governments

Answer 4

federal system

Question 5

powers explicitly granted to the national government through the Constution

Answer 5

enumerated or expressed powers

Question 6

powers only the national government may exercise

Answer 6

exclusive powers

Question 7

powers not granted specifically to the national government but considered necessary to carry out the enumerated powers

Answer 7

implied powers

Question 8

grants Congress the authority to regulate interstate business and commercial activity

Answer 8

commerce clause

Question 9

grants the federal government the authority to pass laws required to carry out its enumerated powers

Answer 9

necessary and proper clause

Question 10

established the Constitution and the laws of the federal government passed under its authority as the highest laws of the land

Answer 10

supremacy clause

Question 11

reserves powers not delegated to the national government to the states and the people

Answer 11

10th Amendment

Question 12

powers not given to the national government

Answer 12

reserved powers

Question 13

powers granted to both states and the federal government in the Constitution

Answer 13

concurrent powers

Question 14

constitutional clause requiring states to recognise the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from another state

Answer 14

full faith and credit clause

Question 15

the requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where a crime was committed

Answer 15

extradition

Question 16

constitutional clause that prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state

Answer 16

privileges and immunities clause

Question 17

constitutional amendment that outlaws slavery

Answer 17

13th Amendment

Question 18

constitutional amendment that provides a person due process or an equal protection under the law

Answer 18

14th Amendment

Question 19

constitutional amendment that gave African American males the right to vote

Answer 19

15th Amentment

Question 20

a form of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy

Answer 20

dual federalism

Question 21

the process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis

Answer 21

selective incorporation

Question 22

a form of American federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy

Answer 22

cooperative federalism

Question 23

grants-in-aid provided to states with specific provisions on their use

Answer 23

categorical grants

Question 24

federal requirements that states must follow without being provided with funding

Answer 24

unfunded mandate

Question 25

a type of grant-in-aid that gives state officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds

Answer 25

block grant

Question 26

federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives

Answer 26

grants-in-aid

Question 27

when the federal government apportions tax money to the states w/ no strings attached

Answer 27

revenue sharing

Question 28

returning more authority to state or local governments

Answer 28

devolution

Question 29

the federal government’s use of grants-in-aid to influence policies in the states

Answer 29

fiscal federalism