Ch.8 - Cognitive Development

Question 1

Accommodation is

Answer 1

Modifying existing schemes

Question 2

How many sensorimotor stages did Piaget identify?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

Sensorimotor stage 1 is characterised by

Answer 3

Birth reflexes (sneezing, blinking, looking, grasping etc.)

Question 4

Sensorimotor stage 2 is characterised by

Answer 4

Primary circular reactions

Question 5

Sensorimotor stage 3 is characterised by

Answer 5

Secondary circular reactions

Question 6

Sensorimotor stage 4 is characterised by

Answer 6

Intentionally using schemes or events to make another occur. Still trial and error

Question 7

Sensorimotor stage 5 is characterised by

Answer 7

Active experimentation: deliberately varying schemes for interesting results

Question 8

Sensorimotor stage 6 is characterised by

Answer 8

First symbols - leading in to preoperational. Can manipulate objects to find other objects. No longer bound by trial and error, can begin mental manipulation

Question 9

True object permanence requires the child to

Answer 9

Physically move to participate in the test

Question 10

What is a more modern approach to demonstrate object permanence?

Answer 10

Visual search

Question 11

What can impact on object permanence test results?

Answer 11

Motor skill and memory performance

Question 12

Sensorimotor activities are superseded by

Answer 12

Symbolic representations

Question 13

What is the most important symbolic representation?

Answer 13

Language

Question 14

A single word can represent

Answer 14

Many individual but single-category objects (eg. train)

Question 15

Two examples of pre-operational limitations are

Answer 15

Do not have conservation and do not fully understand the concept of numbers

Question 16

Three principles needed for conservation are

Answer 16

Identity, concentration, reversibility

Question 17

What is an example of egocentrism

Answer 17

If I can’t see you, you can’t see me

Question 18

What is a criticism of original lack of egocentrism stage

Answer 18

4 year olds can modulate their speech complexity when talking to a two year old

Question 19

What are three capabilities of concrete operations

Answer 19

Conservation, seriation (ordering different length sticks) and spatial reasoning (mountain test of egocentrism)

Question 20

What are two capabilities typical of formal operations?

Answer 20

Hypothetico-deductive reasoning and propositional reasoning

Question 21

What is an example of hypothetico-deductive reasoning?

Answer 21

Pendulum task

Question 22

How is propositional reasoning operationalised?

Answer 22

Logic not facts: cat>sports cars>family sedans=cats>family sedans

Question 23

What was the term for abilities being acquired before the relevant stage?

Answer 23

Horizontal decalage

Question 24

Neo-Piagetian theory is characterised by

Answer 24

A focus on specific cognitive achievements

Question 25

The 5th cognitive stage is

Answer 25

Problem finding, generating questions about one’s self

Question 26

Assimilation is

Answer 26

Incorporating new information with existing schemes