Ch.10 - Language Development

Question 1

What are the two processes involved in acquiring a language?

Answer 1

Mastering language structures, how to use words

Question 2

Phonology is

Answer 2

The combination of sounds to create speech

Question 3

First words are usually

Answer 3

Nominal - labels for objects, people, events

Question 4

Two dominant styles of word development are

Answer 4

Referential and expressive

Question 5

What kinds of words do securely attached children seem to use?

Answer 5

Referential

Question 6

Child directed speech is when parents

Answer 6

Simplify and add pauses to their speech. Encourages language exploration and understanding

Question 7

Understanding what words mean is called

Answer 7

Receptive language

Question 8

Using words is called

Answer 8

Expressive language. Develops more slowly.

Question 9

Growth in expressive language demonstrates advances in

Answer 9

Semantics or receptive language

Question 10

Understanding a word after 1 or 2 exposures is called

Answer 10

Fast mapping

Question 11

When an object is described, children are predisposed to accept the word to represent

Answer 11

The whole of object

Question 12

An example of a contextual cue is

Answer 12

‘The marmoset drank water’, marmoset must therefore be an animal

Question 13

Analysing a sentence to infer word meaning is called

Answer 13

Syntactic bootstrapping

Question 14

Semantics are

Answer 14

Word meanings

Question 15

Syntax is

Answer 15

Rules of word order

Question 16

Intimations can be used in language to

Answer 16

Infer or imply meaning in place of syntax

Question 17

Pragmatics refers to

Answer 17

An ability to modify language use for different situations

Question 18

Metalinguistic awareness is an understanding that

Answer 18

Train is a shorter word than automobile, despite trains being longer than cars

Question 19

What are three ways bilingualism demonstrably helps cognitive development?

Answer 19

Selective attention tasks, logical-analytical tasks, greater metalinguistic awareness

Question 20

Learning theories of language are

Answer 20

Nature (nativism - Chomsky), nurture (behaviourism - B.F. Skinner) or both (interactionist)

Question 21

Deaf children progress with sign language

Answer 21

With the same developmental stages as spoken language development

Question 22

Infants usually know and use between 5120 words between ages ___ but can be as early as ___

Answer 22

15-18 months, 9-12 months