CH5 COHESION AND DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
5 antecedents of cohesion
- interpersonal attraction
- stability of membership
- group size
- structural features
- initiations
Groups are often formed
when individuals develop
feelings of attraction for one
another. It can turn the
rudimentary group into a
highly cohesive one.
interpersonal attraction
Cohesiveness tends to
increase the longer members
remain in the group
stability of membership
group whose
boundaries are so permeable
that membership varies
considerably as members
enter and leave the group
open group
group
whose boundaries are closed
and fixed; as a result,
membership is relatively
unvarying.
closed group
As the group increases in
size, the number of possible
relations among individuals
increases so rapidly that
members can no longer
maintain strong, positive ties
with all the group members.
group size
Cohesive groups tend to be
relatively more structured
ones.
structural features
Formal/Informal
requirements that must be
met before an individual can
gain membership in a group
initiations
adverse psychological state
that occurs when an
individual simultaneously
holds two conflicting
cognitions.
cognitive dissonance
forces
that keep groups intact by pushing
members together as well as the
countering forces that push them
apart.
cohesion
the total field of
forces which act on members to
remain in the group.
group cohesion
one force
focused when measuring
cohesion
attraction
4 components of cohesion
- social cohesion
- task cohesion
- perceived cohesion
- emotional cohesion
-
A liking for other group
members that is based on
their status as typical group
members
-
Based on admiration for
individuals who possess the
kinds of qualities that typify
the group
social cohesion
Capacity to perform
successfully as a coordinated
unit and as part of the group
task cohesion
combined
activities of two or more
individuals who coordinate
their efforts to make or do
tasks.
teamwork
shared
believe among members that
the group is capable of
organizing and executing the
actions required to attain the
group’s goals and
successfully complete its
tasks
collective efficacy
how unified the
group appears to be to the
perceiver
entitativity (perceived cohesion)
Emotional intensity of its
members
emotional cohesion
feeling of
unity, commitment,
confidence, and enthusiasm
for the group shared by most
or all of the members
esprit de corps (positive affective tone)
specifies the usual order of the
phases of group development
- ex. tuckman’s group development theory
successive-stage theory
assumes that
group members strive to maintain a
balance between accomplishing the
task and enhancing the quality of the
interpersonal relationships within the
group.
➢ Group cycle
back-and-forth between
Norming and Performing
stages
equilibrium model
groups often go through periods of
relatively rapid change.
punctuated equilibrium model
3 consequences of cohesion
- member satisfaction and adjustment
- group dynamics and influence
- group productivity
