Ch4 Structure Flashcards
What are giant structures
They contain a huge number of either atoms or ions arranged in some regular way, but the number of particles is not fixed
What are the simple physical properties of metals
- Metals tend to be strong
- High melting and boiling points
- Conduct electricity (Delocalised electrons)
- Good conductors of heat (delocalised electrons)
- Malleable and ductile because there are regular packing makes it simple for atoms to slide over each other
What is the point of alloys
Metals can be made harder by allying them with all the metals
-in an alloy, the different metals have slightly different sized atoms. This breaks up the regular arrangements and makes it harder for the layers to slide
What is bronze and alloy of
Copper and tin
What is stainless steel an alloy of
Iron with chromium and nickel
What is cupronickel an alloy of
Copper and nickel
Used in silver coins
What’s the simple properties of an ionic substance
-High melting and boiling points
-Tend to be crystalline
-Tends to be brittle
Tends to be soluble in water
-They do not conduct electricity when they are solid
-They do conduct electricity when they are a melted or dissolved in water
What is diamonds made of
Pure carbon
-It’s Carbon has four on pairs electrons in its outer shell which form covalent bond is its carbon bonds strongly for other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement
What are the properties of a diamond
- Very hard
- Very high melting and boiling points
- Does not conduct electricity
- Does not dissolve in water or any other solvent
What is the structure of graphite
Also A form of carbon, but arranged differently
- Layer structure
- Soft material with slimy feel
What are the properties of graphite
- High melting and boiling points
- Less dense than diamonds
- Conduct electricity
Define intermolecular forces
The forces of attraction between one molecule and its neighbour
What are the properties of simple molecular structures
- Tend to be gases, liquids (or solids with very low melting points)
- Tends to be in soluble in water
- tend to be soluble in organic solvents
- Don’t conduct electricity
What is an element
- Simplest form in chemical means (can’t be split further)
- All the atoms in the element have the same atomic number
What is a compound
- Made of a combination of two or more elements in fixed proportion
- Joined by strong bonds
