CH4 - Sensation and Perception Flashcards
What is SENSATION?
The stimulation of the sense organs
What is PERCEPTION?
The selection, organization, and interpretation of that sensory input.
What is TRANSDUCTION?
When sensations are turned into electrochemical transmissions.
What is PSYCHOPHYSICS?
The study of how physical stimuli are translated into psychological experience.
What is a STIMULUS?
Any detectable input from the environment.
What is ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD?
The minimum amount of stimulation that an organism can detect.
What is JND?
Just Noticeable Difference is the minimum level of difference required in order to be detected in a stimulus
What is the SIGNAL-DETECTION THEORY?
Detecting stimuli involves decision and sensory processes.
What is SUBLIMINAL PERCEPTION?
Registering sensory input but being consciously unaware.
What is SENSORY ADAPTION?
A gradual decline in sensitivity due to prolonged stimulation
What are the three major parts of the ear?
- External: Pinna
-Middle ear: Ossicles
-Inner ear: The Cochlea
What is the pathway of sound?
->Sound waves vibrate bones of middle ear
->Hits against oval window of cochlea
->Causes movement of fluid
->Movement of basilar membrane stimulated hair cells
->Physical stimulation turned into neural impulses
What is the PLACE THEORY in relation to hearing?
The ability to perceive pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions, or places, along the basilar membrane.
What is the FREQUENCY THEORY in relation to hearing?
The perception of pitch corresponds to the rate, or frequency the entire basilar membrane vibrates
What is AUDITORY LOCALIZATION?
Locating the source of a sound in a space.
What are the two major types of deafness?
-Conductive deafness
-Nerve deafness
What is the physical stimuli of smell?
Substances carried in the air called ODOURANTS