ch4, interaction of sound change and grammar Flashcards
why sound change is important?
sounds are used in morphemes, words and phrases, it is more that just changing pronunciation
effect of regularity of sound change
it happens within morphological paradigm, it is regular, some voices are being changed in an environment and some don’t.
example of sound change in old English
voiceless fricatives become voiced between sonorants. seofon = seven , heafig= heavy Lufian= love
how sound change works in morphological paradigm
some instances of a morpheme undergoes change and some do not. in some morphologically related words this sound change makes alternation: Wife = Wives
Definition of Alternation
in some instances, some variation of morphed undergo change because of sound change and some do not. Wife = wives Thiefe = Thieves. calf, house, bath, path, roof.
Alternation because of sound change: how is it related to phonology
it is not related to phonological conditioning because the phonological condition does not exist anymore. (the fricative is not intervocalic anymore)
what glasses and kissing show
sound change is not a phonologically productive condition anymore, the sound does not change in this word.
what happens after sound change is completed or Obsolete
the words does not with switch back to their previous conditions. the sound change becomes permanent effect in the words that underwent change while that change was happening.
alternation in inflectional paradigms
because change happenes in morphologically related words (singular- plural forms of a word)
variations in morphemes
allomorphs - alternation in the paradigm - derivationally affected: give - gift
Alternation can either have:
- phonetic conditioning when the sound change is still alive
- morphologic or lexical conditioning. (alternation happens in plural and nor possesive)
Lexical conditioning
not all similar words undergo alternation: Grass, Chief, Myth
you just know, irregularity
lexical conditioning of sound change
most common direction of change
from phonetic to morphology
which alternations always go together
lexical and morphological