Ch.4 Globalization and Eating Culture

Question 1

Problem of fast food culture

Answer 1

Fast food contains high sugar, salt and fat content which contribute to heart disease and obesity

Question 2

Function and features of cholesterol

Answer 2

1. Essential for many of the body’s metabolic processes, including hormone and bile production, and to help the body use vitamin D
2. Cholesterol is the most prominent member of steroid family of lipids
3. Cholesterol is found in the lipids, bloodstream and all your bodies cells.
4. Form cell membrane, some hormones and needed in other function

Question 3

Source of cholesterol

Answer 3

1. Mainly from the saturated fats found in animals products.

2. Foods from plants do not contain cholesterol

Question 4

Two types of cholesterol in the body

Answer 4

1. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
   - > bad cholesterol
   - > it goes into the bloodstream and clogs up your arteries
2. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
   - > good cholesterol
   - > it helps to take the bad cholesterol out of the bloodstream

Question 5

Types of fat

Answer 5

1. Saturated fat
   - > no double bonds between carbon atoms
2. Mono-unsaturated fat
   - > one double bond between carbon atoms
3. Polyunsaturated fat
   - > two or more double bonds between carbon atoms
4. Trans fats

Question 6

Which butter/margarine got the most trans fat

Answer 6

Margarine (stick)

Question 7

Properties of saturated fatty acids

Answer 7

1. Contain only single C-C bonds
2. Closed packed
3. Strong attractions between chains
4. High melting points
5. Solids at room temperature is

Question 8

Properties of unsaturated fatty acids

Answer 8

1. Few interactions between chains
2. Low melting points
3. Liquids at room temperature

Question 9

Omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids

Answer 9

1. The body can’t make these fats, they must be gained via food
2. Omega 3s are anti- inflammatory and help protect against heart disease
3. Omega 6 fatty acids lower LDL cholesterol and reduce inflammation

Question 10

Trans fat in foods

Answer 10

1. Also called trans fatty acids
2. Type of unsaturated fats
3. Mainly formed during the process of hydrogenation of vegetable oils
   - > allows the hydrogenated oil to have longer shelf-life and provide desirable texture to the food.

Question 11

Source of trans fat

Answer 11

1. Found naturally in small amounts in milk and fat of cow and sheep
2. Formed in very low level during the refining of vegetable oils
3. Formed mainly when hydrogen is added to vegetable oils under a process called “hydrogenation”

Question 12

Health effects of trans fat

Answer 12

1. Increase LDL cholesterol
2. Decrease HDL cholesterol
3. Increase he risk of cardiovascular disease
4. More harmful than saturated fats

Question 13

Source of Saturated fats

Answer 13

High proportion in most animal fats
E.g. Butter, lard, chicken skin, full cream milk, cheese)
And some vegetable oils
E.g. Coconut oil, palm oil

Question 14

Health effects of saturated fats

Answer 14

1. Increase LDL cholesterol

2. Increase the risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 15

What is malnutrition

Answer 15

1. An incorrect or unbalanced intake of nutrients
2. The condition that results from taking an unbalanced diet in which certain nutrients are lacking , in excess ( too high an intake) or in the wrong proportion

Question 16

What is anorexia?

Answer 16

A unique reaction to variety of external and internal conflicts, such as stress, anxiety, unhappiness

Question 17

Behaviour signs of Anorexia

Answer 17

1. Calories and fat gram counting
2. Self-induced vomiting
3. The use of diet pills, laxatives to attempt controlling weight

Question 18

What is Bulimia

Answer 18

1. Eat alarms quantity of food in a relatively short period of time

Question 19

Behaviour signs of bulimia

Answer 19

1. Rapid food consumption followed by tremendous guilt
   - > laxative or self-induced vomiting
2. Mood swings, depression
3. Poor sleeping habits