Ch.1 Introduction Of Food And Nutrition Flashcards
Function and examples of carbohydrate
Supply energy,cellulose,vitamins,minerals and protein
E.g. Rice, wheat, barley and other cereal products
Function and examples of protein
- Supply energy
- Help growth and repair of body cells and maintain normal metabolism
E.g. Meat, fish , eggs, dairy products, beans, nuts
Function and examples of Fat
- Supply a great deal of energy and some vitamins
- Serve as an energy storage in the body
E.g. Cooking oils, butter, milk , fats from meats, fried foods, high fat animal products, nuts
Function and examples of dietary fiber
- Promote bowel function and prevent constipation
- Control blood cholesterol level
E.g. Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans,nuts
Function and examples of vitamins
Help for growth and repair of body cells and maintain normal metabolism
e.g. Vegetables, fruits cereals, meats, fish, eggs, dairy products,oils
Function and examples of minerals
Each mineral serves specific function to maintain normal
e.g. Vegetables, fruits, cereals, meat, fish. eggs, dairy
What is Macronutrients? Examples?
- Energy yielding nutrients
- Grams counted daily
e.g. Carbohydrates, fats and protein
What is Micronutrients? Example?
- Non energy yielding nutrients
- Milligrams or micrograms counted daily
E.g. Vitamins and minerals
Function and food sources of vitamin A
Maintenance of vision, epithelial cells, mucous membranes,skin
e.g. Fortified milk, sweet potatoes, carrots
Function and food sources of vitamin D
Mineralisation of bones
( raise blood calcium and phosphorus level)
e.g. synthesis in body (sunlight exposure), fortified milk
Function and food sources of vitamin E
Antioxidant (stabilisation of cell membranes )
e.g. Nuts, plant oils
Function and food sources of vitamin K
Synthesis of blood-clotting proteins and bone proteins that regulate blood calcium
e.g. Liver, leafy green vegetables, milk
Function and food sources of vitamin B
- Help the body release energy from protein, fat, and carbohydrates
- Essential for a healthy nervous system
E.g. Whole grain and refined grain products, meat and liver products
Function and food sources of vitamin c
- Helps heal cuts and wounds
- Keeps teeth and gums healthy
- Aids in iron absorption
E.g. Citrus fruits, broccoli, strawberries
Fat soluble vitamin
Vitamin A, D, E, K
Features of fat soluble vitamins
- Found in the fats and oils of food
- Absorbed into the lymph and carried in blood with protein transporters
- Stored in liver and body fat and can become toxic if large amounts are consumed
Water soluble Vitamin
Vitamin C and 8 kinds of vitamin B
Features of water soluble vitamins
- Found in vegetables, fruit and grains, meat
- Absorbed directly into the blood stream
- Alcohol can increase elimination, smoking causes decreased absorption of water soluble vitamin
Example of very low energy density food
Lettuce, tomatoes, strawberries, broccoli, fat free milk
Example of low energy density food
Whole milk， oatmeal, beans, fat free yoghurt
Example of medium energy density food
Eggs, ham, whole wheat bread, white bread
Example of High energy density food
Chocolate, bacon, potato chips, peanuts, vegetable oils
Consequence of getting too much fat ( included total fat, saturated fat, trans fat)
- Pose risk of heart disease
2. Increase the risk of overweight and obesity
Features of endosperm
Contains starch and protein which serves as food supply when grains about to grow
